3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations

37.145-13GPPActive Antenna System (AAS) Base Station (BS) conformance testingPart 1: conducted conformance testingRelease 17TS

3.1 Definitions

For the purposes of the present document, the terms and definitions given in TR 21.905 [1] and the following apply. A term defined in the present document takes precedence over the definition of the same term, if any, in TR 21.905 [1].

active antenna system base station: base station system which combines an Antenna Array with an Active transceiver unit array and a Radio Distribution Network

active receiver unit: number of active receivers is the same as the [number of receiver diversity branches] to which compliance is declared for clause 8 performance requirements

active transmitter unit: transmitter unit which is ON, and has the ability to send modulated data streams that are parallel and distinct to those sent from other transmitter units to one or more TAB connectors at the transceiver array boundary

band category: group of operating bands for which the same MSR scenarios apply

Base Station RF Bandwidth: bandwidth in which a base station transmits and/or receives single or multiple carrier(s) and/or RATs simultaneously within a supported operating band

NOTE: In single carrier operation, the Base Station RF Bandwidth is equal to the channel bandwidth.

Base Station RF Bandwidth edge: frequency of one of the edges of the Base Station RF Bandwidth

basic limit: emissions limit taken from the non AAS specifications that is converted into a per TAB connector TX cell group AAS emissions limit by scaling

beam: main lobe of a radiation pattern from an AAS BS

NOTE: For certain AAS antenna array, there may be more than one beam.

beam centre direction: direction equal to the geometric centre of the -3 dB EIRP contour of the beam

beam direction pair: data set consisting of the beam centre direction and the related beam peak direction

beam peak direction: direction where the maximum EIRP is supposed to be found

beamwidth: angles describing the major and minor axes of an ellipsoid closest fit to an essentially elliptic half-power contour of a beam

carrier: modulated waveform conveying the physical channels

carrier aggregation: aggregation of two or more NR or E-UTRA component carriers in order to support wider transmission bandwidths

channel bandwidth: RF bandwidth supporting a single RF carrier with the transmission bandwidth configured in the uplink or downlink of a cell

NOTE 1: The channel bandwidth is measured in MHz and is used as a reference for transmitter and receiver RF requirements.

NOTE 2: For UTRA FDD, the channel bandwidth is the nominal channel spacing specified in TS 25.104 [2], For UTRA TDD 1,28 Mcps option, the channel bandwidth is the nominal channel spacing specified in TS 25.105 [3].

NOTE 3: For E-UTRA, the channel bandwidths are specified in TS 36.104 [4]. Standalone NB-IoT channel bandwidths specified in TS 36.104 [4] are not applicable to AAS BS.

NOTE 4: In TS 38.104 [33] for NR, channel bandwidths are referred to as BS channel bandwidths, since for NR BS and UE channel bandwidths may differ.

channel edge: lowest or highest frequency of an NR carrier, separated by the BS channel bandwidth

code domain power: part of the mean power which correlates with a particular (OVSF) code channel in a UTRA signal

NOTE: The sum of all powers in the code domain equals the mean power in a bandwidth of (1+ ) times the chip rate of the radio access mode.

contiguous spectrum: spectrum consisting of a contiguous block of spectrum with no sub-block gap(s)

downlink operating band: part of the (FDD) operating band designated for downlink

EIRP accuracy directions set: beam peak directions for which the EIRP accuracy requirement is intended to be met.

NOTE: The beam peak directions are related to a corresponding contiguous range or discrete list of beam centre directions by the beam direction pairs included in the set.

equivalent isotropic radiated power: equivalent power radiated from an isotropic directivity device producing the same field intensity at a point of observation as the field intensity radiated in the direction of the same point of observation by the discussed device

NOTE: Isotropic directivity is equal in all directions (0 dBi).

equivalent isotropic sensitivity: sensitivity for an isotropic directivity device equivalent to the sensitivity of the discussed device exposed to an incoming wave from a defined AoA

NOTE 1: The sensitivity is the minimum received power level at which a RAT specific requirement is met.

NOTE 2: Isotropic directivity is equal in all directions (0 dBi).

highest carrier: The carrier with the highest carrier frequency transmitted/received in a specified operating band

hybrid AAS BS: AAS BS which has both a conducted RF interface and a radiated RF interface in the far field and conforms to a hybrid requirements set

NOTE: For NR operation, a hybrid AAS BS corresponds to NR type 1-H in [37].

hybrid requirements set: complete set of requirements applied to a hybrid AAS BS with both conducted and radiated requirements.

inter-band gap: frequency gap between two supported consecutive operating bands

inter-band carrier aggregation: carrier aggregation of component carriers in different operating bands

NOTE: Carriers aggregated in each band can be contiguous or non-contiguous.

intra-band contiguous carrier aggregation: contiguous carriers aggregated in the same operating band

intra-band non-contiguous carrier aggregation: non-contiguous carriers aggregated in the same operating band

Inter RF Bandwidth gap: frequency gap between two consecutive Base Station RF Bandwidths that are placed within two supported operating bands

lowest carrier: the carrier with the lowest carrier frequency transmitted/received in a specified operating band

maximum carrier output power per TAB connector: mean power level measured on a particular carrier at the array boundary antenna connectors, during the transmitter ON period in a specified reference condition

maximum throughput: maximum achievable throughput for a reference measurement channel

MSR operation: operation of AAS BS declared to be MSR in particular operating band(s)

multi-band requirements: requirements applying per one single operating band with exclusion bands or other multi-band provisions as defined for each requirement

multi-band TAB connector: TAB connector supporting operation in multiple operating bands through common active electronic component(s)

NOTE: For common TX and RX TAB connectors, the definition applies where common active electronic components are in the transmit path and/or in the receive path.

NB-IoT in-band operation: NB-IoT is operating in-band when it utilizes the resource block(s) within a normal E-UTRA carrier

NB-IoT guard band operation: NB-IoT is operating in guard band when it utilizes the unused resource block(s) within a E-UTRA carrier’s guard-band

NB-IoT standalone operation: NB-IoT is operating standalone when it utilizes its own spectrum, for example the spectrum currently being used by GERAN systems as a replacement of one or more GSM carriers, as well as scattered spectrum for potential IoT deployment

non-AAS BS: BS conforming to one of the RF requirement specifications TS 25.104 [2], TS 25.105 [3], TS 36.104 [4] or TS37.104 [5]

NOTE: For AAS BS in single RAT E-UTRA operation or in MSR operation using E-UTRA, the NB-IoT operation (including in-band, guard band and standalone operation) is excluded from the consideration in the performance comparison among AAS BS and non-AAS BS in this specification.

non-contiguous spectrum: spectrum consisting of two or more sub-blocks separated by sub-block gap(s)

operating band: frequency range in which the AAS BS operates (paired or unpaired), that is defined with a specific set of technical requirements

OTA sensitivity directions declaration: set of manufacturer declarations comprising one or more EIS values (with related RAT and channel bandwidth), and the directions where it (they) applies

NOTE: All the directions apply to all the EIS values in an OSDD.

Radio Bandwidth: frequency difference between the upper edge of the highest used carrier and the lower edge of the lowest used carrier

radio distribution network: passive network which distributes radio signals generated by the transceiver unit array to the antenna array, and/or distributes the radio signals collected by the antenna array to the transceiver unit array

NOTE: In the case when the active transceiver units are physically integrated with the array elements of the antenna array, the radio distribution network is a one-to-one mapping

rated carrier output power per TAB connector: mean power level associated with a particular carrier the manufacturer has declared to be available at the TAB connector, during the transmitter ON period in a specified reference condition

rated total output power per TAB connector: mean power level associated with a particular operating band the manufacturer has declared to be available at the TAB connector, during the transmitter ON period in a specified reference condition

receiver target: angles of arrival in which reception is performed

receiver target redirection range: union of all the sensitivity RoAoA achievable through redirecting the receiver target related to the OSDD

receiver target reference direction: direction inside the receiver target redirection range declared by the manufacturer for conformance testing. For an OSDD without receiver target redirection range, this is a direction inside the sensitivity RoAoA

reference beam direction: declared beam direction pair, including reference beam centre direction and reference beam peak direction where the reference beam peak direction is the direction for the intended maximum EIRP within the EIRP accuracy compliance directions set

sensitivity RoAoA: RoAoA within which the declared EIS(s) of an OSDD is intended to be achieved at any instance of time for a specific AAS BS direction setting

single band requirements: requirements applying per one single operating band without exclusion bands or other multi-band provisions

single band TAB connector: TAB connector supporting operation either in a single operating band only, or in multiple operating bands but without any common active electronic component(s)

single RAT E-UTRA operation: operation of AAS BS declared to be single RAT E-UTRA in the operating band

NOTE: Single RAT E-UTRA operation does not cover in-band NB-IoT, nor guardband NB-IoT operation.

single RAT UTRA operation: operation of AAS BS declared to be single RAT UTRA in the operating band

sTTI: A transmission time interval (TTI) of either one slot or one subslot as defined in TS 36.211 [39] on either uplink or downlink.

sub-block: one contiguous allocated block of spectrum for use by the same Base Station

NOTE: There may be multiple instances of sub-blocks within an Base StationRF Bandwidth.

sub-block gap: frequency gap between two consecutive sub-blocks within an Base Station RF Bandwidth, where the RF requirements in the gap are based on co-existence for un-coordinated operation

Synchronized operation: Operation of TDD in two different systems, where no simultaneous uplink and downlink occur.

TAB connector: transceiver array boundary connector

TAB connectors beam forming group: Group of TAB connectors associated with an EIRP beam declaration, comprising of the complete set of TAB connectors from which a declared beam is transmitted

TAB connector RX min cell group: operating band specific declared group of TAB connectors to which requirements are applied

NOTE: The group corresponds to the group of TAB connectors which are responsible for receiving a cell when the AAS BS setting corresponding to the declared minimum number of cells with transmission on all TAB connectors supporting an operating band, but its existence is not limited to that condition.

TAB connector TX min cell group: operating band specific declared group of TAB connectors to which requirements are applied.

NOTE: The group corresponds to the group of TAB connectors which are responsible for transmitting a cell when the AAS BS setting corresponding to the declared minimum number of cells with transmission on all TAB connectors supporting an operating band, but its existence is not limited to that condition.

throughput: number of payload bits successfully received per second for a reference measurement channel in a specified reference condition

total RF bandwidth: maximum sum of Base Station RF Bandwidths in all supported operating bands

transceiver array boundary: conducted interface between the transceiver unit array and the composite antenna

transmission bandwidth: bandwidth of an instantaneous E-UTRA transmission from a UE or BS, measured in resource block units

transmitter OFF period: time period during which the transmitter is scheduled not to transmit

NOTE: For AAS BS, this definition applies per TAB connector and operating band.

transmitter ON period: time period during which the transmitter is transmitting data and/or reference symbols

NOTE: For AAS BS, this definition applies per TAB connector and operating band.

transmitter transient period: time period during which the transmitter is changing from the OFF period to the ON period or vice versa

NOTE: For AAS BS, this definition applies per TAB connector and operating band.

Unsynchronized operation: Operation of TDD in two different systems, where the conditions for synchronized operation are not met.

uplink operating band: part of the (FDD) operating band designated for uplink

3.2 Symbols

For the purposes of the present document, the following symbols apply:

 Roll-off factor

 Percentage of the mean transmitted power emitted outside the occupied bandwidth on the assigned channel

BW_Channel Channel bandwidth (for E-UTRA)

BW_{Channel_CA} Aggregated channel bandwidth, expressed in MHz. BW_{Channel_CA}= F_{edge_high}– F_{edge_low}

BW_Config Transmission bandwidth configuration (for E-UTRA), expressed in MHz, where BW_Config = N_RB x 180 kHz in the uplink and BW_Config = 15 kHz + N_RB x 180 kHz in the downlink

BW_tot Total RF bandwidth

DwPTS Downlink part of the special subframe (for E-UTRA TDD operation

f Frequency

Δf Separation between the Base Station RF bandwidth edge frequency and the nominal -3dB point of the measuring filter closest to the carrier frequency

Δf_max The largest value of Δf used for defining the requirement

Δf_OBUE Maximum offset of the operating band unwanted emissions mask from the downlink operating band edge

Δf_OOB Maximum offset of the out-of-band boundary from the uplink operating band edge

F_C Carrier centre frequency

F_filter Filter centre frequency

f_offset Separation between the Base Station RF bandwidth edge frequency and the centre of the measuring filter

f_offset_max The maximum value of f_offset used for defining the requirement

F_{BW RF,high} Upper RF bandwidth edge, where F_{BW RF,high} = F_C,high + F_{offset, RAT}

F_{BW RF,low} Lower RF bandwidth edge, where F_{BW RF,low} = F_C,low – F_{offset, RAT}

F_C,high Centre frequency of the highest transmitted/received carrier

F_C,low Centre frequency of the lowest transmitted/received carrier

F_{edge_low} The lower edge of aggregated channel bandwidth, expressed in MHz. F_{edge_low} = F_{C_low} – F_{offset, RAT}

F_{edge_high} The upper edge of aggregated channel bandwidth, expressed in MHz. F_{edge_high} = F_{C_high} + F_{offset, RAT}

F_{offset, RAT} Frequency offset from the centre frequency of the highest transmitted/received carrier to the upper RF bandwidth edge, sub-block edge or inter-RF bandwidth edge, or from the centre frequency of the lowest transmitted/received carrier to the lower RF bandwidth edge, sub-block edge or inter-RF bandwidth edge for a specific RAT

F_{UL_low} The lowest frequency of the uplink operating band

F_{UL_high} The highest frequency of the uplink operating band

F_uw Frequency offset of unwanted signal

N_cells A declared number corresponding to the minimum number of cells that can be transmitted by an AAS BS in a particular band with transmission on all TAB connectors supporting the operating band

N_RB Transmission bandwidth configuration, expressed in units of resource blocks (for E-UTRA)

N_RXU,active The number of active receiver units. The same as the [number of receiver diversity branches] to which compliance is declared for chapter 8 performance requirements.

N_RXU,counted The number of active receiver units that are taken into account for unwanted emission scaling.

N_{RXU,countedpercell} The number of active receiver units that are taken into account for unwanted emissions scaling per cell

N_{TXU, active} The number of active transmitter units

N_TXU,counted The number of active transmitter units , as calculated in clause 6.1, that are taken into account for conducted TX power limit

N_{TXU,countedpercell} The number of active transmitter units that are taken into account for emissions scaling per cell

P_EM,B32,ind Declared emission level in Band 32, ind=a, b, c, d, e (see table 4.10, D6.8)

P_max,c,cell The maximum carrier output power per TAB connector TX min cell group

P_max,c,TABC The maximum carrier output power per TAB connector

P_Rated,c,TABC The rated carrier output power per TAB connector

P_Rated,c,sys The sum of P_Rated,c,TABC for all TAB connectors for a single carrier

P_{Rated,t,group} The sum of P_Rated,t,TABC for all TAB connectors belonging to a specified group

P_Rated,t,TABC The rated total output power per TAB connector

P_REFSENS Reference Sensitivity power level

W_gap Sub-block gap size or Inter RF Bandwidth gap size

Figure 3.2-1: Illustration of RF bandwidth related symbols and definitions for Multi-standard Radio

Figure 3.2-2: Illustration of RF bandwidth related symbols and definitions
for non-contiguous Multi-standard Radio

Figure 3.2-3: Illustration of maximum Radio Bandwidth and
Total RF bandwidth for Multi-band Multi-standard Radio

3.3 Abbreviations

For the purposes of the present document, the abbreviations given in TR 21.905 [1] and the following apply. An abbreviation defined in the present document takes precedence over the definition of the same abbreviation, if any, in TR 21.905 [1].

AAS BS Active Antenna System Base Station

ACLR Adjacent Channel Leakage power Ratio

ACS Adjacent Channel Selectivity

AoA Angle of Arrival

ARFCN Absolute Radio Frequency Channel Number

B Bottom RF channel (for testing purposes)

BC Band Category

BER Bit Error Rate

BLER Block Error Rate

CA Carrier Aggregation

CACLR Cumulative ACLR

CP Cyclic prefix

CRC Cyclic Redundancy Check

CW Continuous Wave (unmodulated signal)

DC-HSDPA Dual Cell HSDPA

D-CPICH Demodulation Common Pilot Channel

DIP Dominant Interferer Proportion

EARFCN E-UTRA Absolute Radio Frequency Channel Number

EIRP Equivalent Isotropic Radiated Power

EIS Equivalent Isotropic Sensitivity

EVM Error Vector Magnitude

FCC Federal Communications Commission

FDD Frequency Division Duplex

FRC Fixed Reference Channel

GSCN Global Synchronization Channel Number

GSM Global System for Mobile communication

HS-DSCH High Speed Downlink Shared Channel

ICS In-Channel Selectivity

Iuant E-Node B internal logical interface between the implementation specific O&M function and the RET antennas and TMAs control unit function of the E-Node B

ITU International Telecommunication Union

ITU‑R Radio communication Sector of the ITU

LA Local Area

M Middle RF channel (for testing purposes)

MB-MSR Multi-Band Multi-Standard Radio

MBT Multi-Band Testing

MIMO Multiple Inputs Multiple Outputs

MR Medium Range

MSR Multi-Standard Radio

NB-IoT Narrowband – Internet of Things

NR New Radio

OBUE Operating Band Unwanted Emissions

OBW Occupied Band Width

OFDM Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplex

OSDD OTA Sensitivity Directions Declaration

OTA Over The Air

PCCPCH Primary Common Control Physical CHannel

QAM Quadrature Amplitude Modulation

QPSK Quadrature Phase-Shift Keying

RAT Radio Access Technology

RB Resource Block (for E-UTRA)

RDN Radio Distribution Network

RE Resource Element

REFSENS Reference Sensitivity

RF Radio Frequency

RMS Root Mean Square (value)

RoAoA Range of Angles of Arrival

RRC Root Raised Cosine

RS Reference Symbol

RX Receiver

SBT Single Band Testing

SC Single Carrier

SCS Sub-Carrier Spacing

SNR Signal-to-Noise Ratio

sPDSCH shortened Physical Downlink Shared Channel

T Top RF channel (for testing purposes)

TAB Tranceiver Array Boundary

TAE Time Alignment Error

TDD Time Division Duplex

TT Test Tolerance

TX Transmitter

UARFCN UTRA Absolute Radio Frequency Channel Number

UE User Equipment

WA Wide Area