8 Emission

25.1133GPPBase station (BS) and repeater electromagnetic compatibility (EMC)Release 17TS

Tools: ARFCN - Frequency Conversion for 5G NR/LTE/UMTS/GSM

8.1 Methods of measurement and limits for EMC emissions

8.2 Test configurations

This subclause defines the configurations for emission tests as follows:

– the equipment shall be tested under normal test conditions as specified in the functional standards;

– the test configuration shall be as close to normal intended use as possible;

– if the equipment is part of a system, or can be connected to ancillary equipment, then it shall be acceptable to test the equipment while connected to the minimum configuration of ancillary equipment necessary to exercise the ports;

– if the equipment has a large number of ports, then a sufficient number shall be selected to simulate actual operation conditions and to ensure that all the different types of termination are tested;

– the test conditions, test configuration and mode of operation shall be recorded in the test report;

– ports which in normal operation are connected shall be connected to an ancillary equipment or to a representative piece of cable correctly terminated to simulate the input/output characteristics of the ancillary equipment, Radio Frequency (RF) input/output ports shall be correctly terminated;

– ports which are not connected to cables during normal operation, e.g. service connectors, programming connectors, temporary connectors etc. shall not be connected to any cables for the purpose of EMC testing. Where cables have to be connected to these ports, or interconnecting cables have to be extended in length in order to exercise the EUT, precautions shall be taken to ensure that the evaluation of the EUT is not affected by the addition or extension of these cables;

– the test arrangements for transmitter and receiver sections of the transceiver are described separately for the sake of clarity. However, where possible the test of the transmitter section and receiver section of the EUT may be carried out simultaneously to reduce test time.

8.3 Radiated emission from Base station, Repeater and ancillary equipment

8.3.1 Radiated emission, Base stations and Repeater

This test is applicable to Base station and Repeater. This test shall be performed on a representative configuration of the Base station or Repeater.

8.3.1.1 Definition

This test assesses the ability of BS and Repeater to limit unwanted emission from the enclosure port.

8.3.1.2 Test method

8.3.1.2.1 FDD and 3,84 Mcps TDD option

a) A test site fulfilling the requirements of ITU-R SM. 329 [12] shall be used. The BS or Repeater shall be placed on a non-conducting support and shall be operated from a power source via a RF filter to avoid radiation from the power leads.

Mean power of any spurious components shall be detected by the test antenna and measuring receiver (e.g. a spectrum analyser). At each frequency at which a component is detected, the BS or Repeater shall be rotated and the height of the test antenna adjusted to obtain maximum response, and the effective radiated power (e.r.p.) of that component determined by a substitution measurement. The measurement shall be repeated with the test antenna in the orthogonal polarization plane.

NOTE: Effective radiated power (e.r.p.) refers to the radiation of a half wave tuned dipole instead of an isotropic antenna. There is a constant difference of 2,15 dB between e.i.r.p. and e.r.p.

e.r.p. (dBm)  e.i.r.p. (dBm)  2,15 Ref: ITU-R SM.329 ANNEX 1 [12].

b) The BS shall transmit with maximum power declared by the manufacturer with all transmitters active. Set the base station to transmit a signal as stated for measurement of spurious emission for FDD in the TS25.141 [3] and for 3.84 Mcps TDD option in the TS25.142 [4].

In case of a Repeater the gain and the output power shall be set to the maximum value as declared by the manufacturer.

c) The received power shall be measured over the frequency range 30 MHz to 12.75 GHz, excluding 12.5MHz below the first carrier frequency to 12.5 MHz above the last carrier frequency used. The measurement bandwidth shall be 100 kHz between 30 MHz and 1 GHz and 1 MHz above 1 GHz as given in ITU-R SM.329 [12]. The video bandwidth shall be approximately three times the resolution bandwidth. If this video bandwidth is not available on the measuring receiver, it shall be the maximum available and at least 1 MHz. Unless otherwise stated, all measurements are done as mean power (RMS).

8.3.1.2.2 1,28 Mcps TDD option

a) A test site fulfilling the requirements of ITU-R SM. 329 [12] shall be used. The BS shall be placed on a non-conducting support and shall be operated from a power source via a RF filter to avoid radiation from the power leads.

Mean power of any spurious components shall be detected by the test antenna and measuring receiver (e.g. a spectrum analyser). At each frequency at which a component is detected, the BS shall be rotated and the height of the test antenna adjusted to obtain maximum response, and the effective radiated power (e.r.p.) of that component determined by a substitution measurement. The measurement shall be repeated with the test antenna in the orthogonal polarisation plane.

NOTE: Effective radiated power (e.r.p.) refers to the radiation of a half wave tuned dipole instead of an isotropic antenna. There is a constant difference of 2,15 dB between e.i.r.p. and e.r.p.

e.r.p. (dBm)  e.i.r.p. (dBm)  2,15 Ref: ITU-R SM.329 ANNEX 1 [12].

c) The received power shall be measured over the frequency range 30 MHz to 12.75 GHz, excluding 4MHz below the first carrier frequency to 4 MHz above the last carrier frequency used. The measurement bandwidth shall be 100 kHz between 30 MHz and 1 GHz and 1 MHz above 1 GHz as given in ITU-R SM.329 [12]. The video bandwidth shall be approximately three times the resolution bandwidth. If this video bandwidth is not available on the measuring receiver, it shall be the maximum available and at least 1 MHz. Unless otherwise stated, all measurements are done as mean power (RMS).

8.3.1.3 Limits

The frequency boundary and reference bandwidths for the detailed transitions of the limits between the requirements for out of band emissions and spurious emissions are based on ITU-R Recommendations SM.329 [12] and SM.1539 [23].

8.3.1.3.1 FDD and 3,84 Mcps TDD option

The BS or the Repeater shall meet the limits below:

Table 5: Limits for radiated emissions from BS and repeater

Frequency range	Minimum requirement (e.r.p.)/Reference Bandwidth
30 MHz f <1000 MHz	-36 dBm/100 kHz
1 GHz f <12,75 GHz	-30 dBm/ 1MHz
Fc1 – 12,5 MHz < f < Fc2+12,5 MHz (Note 1)	Not defined
NOTE 1: For BS capable of multi-band operation, the frequency ranges relating to the carriers of all supported bands apply.

Key:

Fc1: Center frequency of first carrier frequency used by the BS and repeater.

Fc2: Center frequency of last carrier frequency used by the BS and repeater.

8.3.1.3.2 1,28 Mcps TDD option

The BS shall meet the limits below:

Table 5A: Limits for radiated emissions from BS

Frequency range	Minimum requirement (e.r.p.)/Reference Bandwidth
30 MHz f <1000 MHz	-36 dBm/100 kHz
1 GHz f <12,75 GHz	-30 dBm/ 1MHz
Fc1 – 4 MHz < f < Fc2+4 MHz	Not defined

Key:

Fc1: Center frequency of first carrier frequency used by the BS.

Fc2: Center frequency of last carrier frequency used by the BS.

8.3.1.4 Interpretation of the measurement results

The interpretation of the results recorded in a test report for the radiated emission measurements described in the present document shall be as follows:

– the measured value related to the corresponding limit will be used to decide whether an equipment meets the requirements of the present document;

– the value of the measurement uncertainty for the measurement of each parameter shall be included in the test report;

– the recorded value of the measurement uncertainty shall be, for each measurement, equal to or lower than the figures in table 5B for BS and repeater.

Table 5B specifies the Maximum measurement uncertainty of the Test System. The Test System shall enable the equipment under test to be measured with an uncertainty not exceeding the specified values. All tolerances and uncertainties are absolute values, and are valid for a confidence level of 95 %, unless otherwise stated.

A confidence level of 95% is the measurement uncertainty tolerance interval for a specific measurement that contains 95% of the performance of a population of test equipment.

Table 5B: Maximum measurement uncertainty (BS, and Repeater)

Parameter	Uncertainty for EUT dimension ≤ 1 m	Uncertainty for EUT dimension >1 m
Effective radiated RF power between 30 MHz to 180 MHz	6 dB	6 dB
Effective radiated RF power between 180 MHz to 4 GHz	4 dB	6 dB
Effective radiated RF power between 4 GHz to 12,75 GHz	6 dB	9* dB
*Note: This value may be reduced to 6 dB when further information on the potential radiation characteristic of the EUT is available.

NOTE: If the Test System for a test is known to have a measurement uncertainty greater than that specified in table 5B, this equipment can still be used, provided that an adjustment is made follows:

Any additional uncertainty in the Test System over and above that specified in table 5B is used to tighten the Test Requirements – making the test harder to pass. This procedure will ensure that a Test System not compliant with table 5B does not increase the probability of passing an EUT that would otherwise have failed a test if a Test System compliant with table 5B had been used.

8.3.2 Radiated emission, Ancillary equipment

This test is applicable to ancillary equipment. This test shall be performed on a representative configuration of the ancillary equipment.

8.3.2.1 Definition

This test assesses the ability of ancillary equipment to limit unwanted emission from the enclosure port.

8.3.2.2 Test method

The test method shall be in accordance with CISPR 32 28

8.3.2.3 Limits

The ancillary equipment shall meet the limits according to CISPR 32 28 shown in table 6 and table 6A.

Table 6: Limits for radiated emissions from ancillary equipment, measured on a stand-alone basis (10 m measuring distance)

Frequency range	Quasi-peak
30 MHz‑230 MHz	30 dBµV/m
230 MHz‑1000 MHz	37 dBµV/m

Table 6A: Limits for radiated emissions from ancillary equipment, measured on a stand-alone basis
(3 m measuring distance)

Frequency range GHz	Average limit dBµV/m	Peak limit dBµV/m
1 to 3	50	70
3 to 6	54	74
Note: The lower limit applies at the transition frequency.

8.4 Conducted emission DC power input/output port

This test is applicable to equipment which may have DC cables longer than 3 m.

If the DC power cable of the radio equipment is intended to be less than 3 m in length, and intended only for direct connection to a dedicated AC to DC power supply, then the measurement shall be performed only on the AC power input of that power supply as specified in subclause 8.5.

This test shall be performed on a representative configuration of the radio equipment, the associated ancillary equipment, or representative configuration of the combination of radio and ancillary equipment.

8.4.1 Definition

This test assesses the ability of radio equipment and ancillary equipment to limit internal noise from the DC power input/output ports.

8.4.2 Test method

The test method shall be in accordance with CISPR 32 [28] and the Artificial Mains Network (AMN) shall be connected to a DC power source.

In the case of DC output ports, the ports shall be connected via a AMN to a load drawing the rated current of the source.

A measuring receiver shall be connected to each AMN measurement port in turn and the conducted emission recorded.

The equipment shall be installed with a ground plane as defined in CISPR 32 [28]. The reference earth point of the AMNs shall be connected to the reference ground plane with a conductor as short as possible.

The measurement receiver shall be in accordance with the requirements of section one of CISPR 16‑1 [14].

8.4.3 Limits

The equipment shall meet the limits below (including the average limit and the quasi‑peak limit) when using, respectively, an average detector receiver and a quasi‑peak detector receiver and measured in accordance with the method described in subclause 8.4.2 above. If the average limit is met when using a quasi‑peak detector, the equipment shall be deemed to meet both limits and measurement with the average detector receiver is not necessary.

The equipment shall meet the limits given in table 7.

Table 7: Limits for conducted emissions

Frequency range	Quasi-peak	Average
>0,15‑0,5MHz	79dBµV	66dBµV
>0,5‑30 MHz	73dBµV	60dBµV

8.5 Conducted emissions, AC mains power input/output port

This test is applicable to equipment powered by the AC mains.

This test is not applicable to AC output ports which are connected directly (or via a circuit breaker) to the AC power port of the EUT.

8.5.1 Definition

This test assesses the ability of radio equipment and ancillary equipment to limit internal noise from the AC mains power input/output ports.

8.5.2 Test method

The test method shall be in accordance with CISPR 32 [28].

Mains connected ancillary equipment which is not part of the EUT shall be connected to the mains via a separate AMN. According to CISPR 16‑1 [14], the Protective Earth (PE) conductor shall also be terminated by a 50 Ω/50 μH common mode RF impedance.

8.5.3 Limits

The equipment shall meet the limits below (including the average limit and the quasi‑peak limit) when using, respectively, an average detector receiver and a quasi‑peak detector receiver and measured in accordance with the method described in subclause 8.5.2 above. If the average limit is met when using a quasi‑peak detector, the equipment shall be deemed to meet both limits and measurement with the average detector receiver is not necessary.

Table 8: Limits for conducted emissions

Frequency range	Quasi-peak	Average
> 0,15‑0,5 MHz	66 – 56 dBµV	56 – 46 dBµV
> 0.5- 5 MHz	56 dBµV	46 dBµV
> 5‑30 MHz	60 dBµV	50 dBµV
NOTE: The limit decreases linearly with the logarithm of the frequency in the range 0,15 MHz to 0,50 MHz.

Alternatively, for equipment intended to be used in telecommunication centres the limits given in table 9 shall be used.

Table 9: Limits for conducted emissions

Frequency range	Quasi-peak	Average
>0,15‑0,5MHz	79dBµV	66dBµV
>0,5‑30 MHz	73dBµV	60dBµV

8.6 Harmonic Current emissions (AC mains input port)

The requirements of IEC 61000‑3‑2 [15] for harmonic current emission apply for equipment covered by the scope of the present document. For equipment with an input current of greater than 16 A per phase, IEC 61000-3-12 [25] applies.

8.7 Voltage fluctuations and flicker (AC mains input port)

The requirements of IEC 61000‑3‑3 [16] for voltage fluctuations and flicker apply for equipment covered by the scope of the present document. For equipment with an input current of greater than 16 A per phase, IEC 61000-3-12 [26] applies.

8.8 Telecommunication ports

This test is applicable for radio equipment and/or ancillary equipment for fixed use which have telecommunication ports.

This test shall be performed on a representative configuration of radio equipment, the associated ancillary equipment, or a representative configuration of the combination of radio and ancillary equipment.

8.8.1 Definition

This test assesses the EUT unwanted emission present at the telecommunication ports.

8.8.2 Test method

The test method shall be in accordance with CISPR 32 [28].

The measurement frequency range extends from 150 kHz to 30 MHz. When the EUT is a transmitter operating at frequencies below 30 MHz, then the exclusion band for transmitters applies (see subclause 4.5) for measurements in the transmit mode of operation.

8.8.3 Limits

The telecommunication ports shall meet the limits according to CISPR 32 [28] shown in table 10.

Table 10: Limits for conducted emissions from telecommunication ports

Frequency range	Voltage limits dB (µV)		Current limits dB (µA)
MHz	Quasi-peak	Average	Quasi-peak	Average
0,15 to 0,5	84 to 74	74 to 64	40 to 30	30 to 20
0,5 to 30	74	64	30	20
NOTE 1: The limits decrease linearly with the logarithm of the frequency in the range 0,15 MHz to 0,5 MHz. NOTE 2: The current and voltage disturbance limits are derived for use with an impedance stabilization network (ISN) which presents a common mode (asymmetric mode) impedance of 150 Ω to the telecommunication port under test (conversion factor is 20 log10 150/I = 44 dB).

Alternatively, for equipment intended to be used in telecommunication centres only, the limits given in table 11 may be used.

Table 11: Limits for conducted emissions from telecommunication ports of equipment intended for use in telecommunication centres only

Frequency range	Voltage limits dB (µV)		Current limits dB (µA)
MHz	Quasi-peak	Average	Quasi-peak	Average
0,15 to 0,5	97 to 87	84 to 74	53 to 43	40 to 30
0,5 to 30	87	74	43	30
NOTE 1: The limits decrease linearly with the logarithm of the frequency in the range 0,15 MHz to 0,5 MHz. NOTE 2: The current and voltage disturbance limits are derived for use with an impedance stabilization network (ISN), which presents a common mode (asymmetric mode) impedance of 150 Ω to the telecommunication port under test (conversion factor is 20 log10 150/I = 44 dB).