6 Conducted transmitter characteristics

38.1083GPPNRRelease 17Satellite Access Node radio transmission and receptionTS

Tools: ARFCN - Frequency Conversion for 5G NR/LTE/UMTS/GSM

6.1 General

Unless otherwise stated, the conducted transmitter characteristics are specified at the TAB connector for SAN type 1-H, with a full complement of transceiver units for the configuration in normal operating conditions.

6.2 Satellite Access Node output power

6.2.1 General

The SAN conducted output power requirement applies at TAB connector for SAN type 1-H.

The rated carrier output power of the SAN type 1-H shall be as specified in table 6.2.1-2.

Table 6.2.1-2: SAN type 1-H rated output power limits for SAN classes

SAN class	P_rated,c,sys (NOTE)	P_rated,c,TABC (NOTE)
SAN GEO class	P_{rated,c,sys,GEO}	P_{rated,c,TABC,GEO}
SAN LEO class	P_{rated,c,sys,LEO}	P_{rated,c,TABC,LEO}
NOTE: P_rated,c,sys or P_rated,c,TABC of SAN shall be based on manufacturer declaration and comply with regulation requirement.

6.2.2 Minimum requirement for SAN type 1-H

In normal conditions, P_max,c,TABCshall remain within +2 dB and -2 dB of the rated carrier output power P_rated,c,TABC for each TAB connector as declared by the manufacturer.

6.3 Output power dynamics

6.3.1 General

Transmitted signal quality (as specified in clause 6.5) shall be maintained for the output power dynamics requirements of this clause.

Power control is used to limit the interference level.

6.3.2 RE power control dynamic range

6.3.2.1 General

The RE power control dynamic range is the difference between the power of an RE and the average RE power for a SAN at maximum output power (P_max,c,TABC) for a specified reference condition.

For SAN type 1-H this requirement shall apply at each TAB connector supporting transmission in the operating band.

6.3.2.2 Minimum requirement for SAN type 1-H

RE power control dynamic range:

Table 6.3.2.2-1: RE power control dynamic range

Modulation scheme used	RE power control dynamic range (dB)
on the RE	(down)	(up)
QPSK (PDCCH)	-6	+4
QPSK (PDSCH)	-6	+3
16QAM (PDSCH)	-3	+3
64QAM (PDSCH)	0	0
NOTE: The output power per carrier shall always be less or equal to the maximum output power of the satellite access node.

6.3.3 Total power dynamic range

6.3.3.1 General

The SAN total power dynamic range is the difference between the maximum and the minimum transmit power of an OFDM symbol for a specified reference condition.

For SAN type 1-H this requirement shall apply at each TAB connector supporting transmission in the operating band.

NOTE 1: The upper limit of the dynamic range is the OFDM symbol power for a SAN when transmitting on all RBs at maximum output power. The lower limit of the total power dynamic range is the average power for single RB transmission. The OFDM symbol shall carry PDSCH and not contain RS or SSB.

6.3.3.2 Minimum requirement for SAN type 1-H

The downlink (DL) total power dynamic range for each SAN carrier shall be larger than or equal to the level in table 6.3.3.2-1.

Table 6.3.3.2-1: Total power dynamic range

SAN channel	Total power dynamic range (dB)
bandwidth (MHz)	15 kHz SCS	30 kHz SCS	60 kHz SCS
5	13.9	10.4	N/A
10	17.1	13.8	10.4
15	18.9	15.7	12.5
20	20.2	17	13.8

6.4 Transmit ON/OFF power

The requirement is not applicable in this version of the specification.

6.5 Transmitted signal quality

6.5.1 Frequency error

6.5.1.1 General

Frequency error is the measure of the difference between the actual SAN transmit frequency and the assigned frequency. The same source shall be used for RF frequency and data clock generation.

For SAN type 1-H this requirement shall be applied at each TAB connector supporting transmission in the operating band.

6.5.1.2 Minimum requirement for SAN type 1-H

The modulated carrier frequency of each carrier configured by the SAN shall be accurate to within 0.05 ppm observed over 1 ms.

6.5.2 Modulation quality

6.5.2.1 General

Modulation quality is defined by the difference between the measured carrier signal and an ideal signal. Modulation quality can e.g. be expressed as Error Vector Magnitude (EVM). The Error Vector Magnitude is a measure of the difference between the ideal symbols and the measured symbols after the equalization. This difference is called the error vector. Details about how the EVM is determined are specified in Annex B.

For SAN type 1-H this requirement shall be applied at each TAB connector supporting transmission in the operating band.

6.5.2.2 Minimum Requirement for SAN type 1-H

The EVM levels of each carrier for different modulation schemes on PDSCH outlined in table 6.5.2.2-1 shall be met using the frame structure described in clause 6.5.2.3.

Table 6.5.2.2-1: EVM requirements for SAN type 1-H carrier

Modulation scheme for PDSCH	Required EVM
QPSK	17.5 %
16QAM	12.5 %
64QAM (NOTE)	8 %
NOTE: EVM requirement for 64QAM is optional.

6.5.2.3 EVM frame structure for measurement

EVM shall be evaluated for each carrier over all allocated resource blocks and downlink subframes. Different modulation schemes listed in table 6.5.2.2-1 shall be considered for rank 1.

For all bandwidths, the EVM measurement shall be performed for each carrier over all allocated resource blocks and downlink subframes within 10 ms measurement periods. The boundaries of the EVM measurement periods need not be aligned with radio frame boundaries.

6.5.3 Time alignment error

The requirement is not applicable in this version of the specification.

6.6 Unwanted emissions

6.6.1 General

Unwanted emissions consist of out-of-band emissions and spurious emissions according to ITU definitions [2]. In ITU terminology, out of band emissions are unwanted emissions immediately outside the SAN channel bandwidth resulting from the modulation process and non-linearity in the transmitter but excluding spurious emissions. Spurious emissions are emissions which are caused by unwanted transmitter effects such as harmonics emission, parasitic emission, intermodulation products and frequency conversion products, but exclude out of band emissions.

The out-of-band emissions requirement for the SAN transmitter is specified both in terms of Adjacent Channel Leakage power Ratio (ACLR) and operating band unwanted emissions (OBUE).

The maximum offset of the operating band unwanted emissions mask from the operating band edge is Δf_OBUE. The Operating band unwanted emissions define all unwanted emissions in each supported downlink operating band plus the frequency ranges Δf_OBUE above and Δf_OBUE below each band. Unwanted emissions outside of this frequency range are limited by a spurious emissions requirement.

The values of Δf_OBUE are defined in table 6.6.1-1 for the SAN operating bands.

Table 6.6.1-1: Maximum offset of OBUE outside the downlink operating band

SAN type	Operating band characteristics	Δf_OBUE (MHz)
SAN type 1-H	F_DL,high – F_DL,low < 100 MHz	2*BW_Channel

For SAN type 1-H the unwanted emission requirements are applied per the TAB connector TX min cell groups for all the configurations supported by the SAN.

There is in addition a requirement for occupied bandwidth.

6.6.2 Occupied bandwidth

6.6.2.1 General

The occupied bandwidth is the width of a frequency band such that, below the lower and above the upper frequency limits, the mean powers emitted are each equal to a specified percentage /2 of the total mean transmitted power. See also Recommendation ITU-R SM.328 [8].

The value of /2 shall be taken as 0.5%.

The minimum requirement below may be applied regionally. There may also be regional requirements to declare the occupied bandwidth according to the definition in the present clause.

For SAN type 1-H this requirement shall be applied at each TAB connector supporting transmission in the operating band.

6.6.2.2 Minimum requirement for SAN type 1-H

The occupied bandwidth for each carrier shall be less than the SAN channel bandwidth.

6.6.3 Adjacent Channel Leakage Power Ratio

6.6.3.1 General

Adjacent Channel Leakage power Ratio (ACLR) is the ratio of the filtered mean power centred on the assigned channel frequency to the filtered mean power centred on an adjacent channel frequency.

The requirements shall apply outside the SAN RF Bandwidth or Radio Bandwidth whatever the type of transmitter considered (single carrier or multi-carrier) and for all transmission modes foreseen by the manufacturer’s specification.

6.6.3.2 Minimum requirement for SAN type 1-H

The ACLR is defined with a square filter of bandwidth equal to the transmission bandwidth configuration of the transmitted signal (BW_Config) centred on the assigned channel frequency and a filter centred on the adjacent channel frequency according to the tables below.

The ACLR shall be higher than the value specified in Table 6.6.3.2-1/2.

Table 6.6.3.2-1: SAN ACLR limit for GEO class

SAN channel bandwidth of lowest/highest carrier transmitted BW_Channel (MHz)	SAN adjacent channel centre frequency offset below the lowest or above the highest carrier centre frequency transmitted	Assumed adjacent channel carrier (informative)	Filter on the adjacent channel frequency and corresponding filter bandwidth	ACLR limit
5, 10, 15, 20	BW_Channel	NR of same BW (NOTE 2)	Square (BW_Config) (NOTE 1)	14
	2 x BW_Channel	NR of same BW (NOTE 2)	Square (BW_Config) (NOTE 1)	14
NOTE 1: BW_Channel and BW_Config are the SAN channel bandwidth and transmission bandwidth configuration of the lowest/highest carrier transmitted on the assigned channel frequency. NOTE 2: With SCS that provides largest transmission bandwidth configuration (BW_Config).

Table 6.6.3.2-2: SAN ACLR limit for LEO class

SAN channel bandwidth of lowest/highest carrier transmitted BW_Channel (MHz)	SAN adjacent channel centre frequency offset below the lowest or above the highest carrier centre frequency transmitted	Assumed adjacent channel carrier (informative)	Filter on the adjacent channel frequency and corresponding filter bandwidth	ACLR limit
5, 10, 15, 20	BW_Channel	NR of same BW (NOTE 2)	Square (BW_Config) (NOTE 1)	24
	2 x BW_Channel	NR of same BW (NOTE 2)	Square (BW_Config) (NOTE 1)	24
NOTE 1: BW_Channel and BW_Config are the SAN channel bandwidth and transmission bandwidth configuration of the lowest/highest carrier transmitted on the assigned channel frequency. NOTE 2: With SCS that provides largest transmission bandwidth configuration (BW_Config).

6.6.4 Operating band unwanted emissions

6.6.4.1 General

Unless otherwise stated, the operating band unwanted emission (OBUE) limits for SAN in FR1 are defined from channel edge up to frequencies separated from the channel edge by 200% of the necessary bandwidth.

The requirements shall apply whatever the type of transmitter considered and for all transmission modes foreseen by the manufacturer’s specification.

Basic limits are specified in the tables below, where:

– Δf is the separation between the channel edge frequency and the nominal -3dB point of the measuring filter closest to the carrier frequency.

– f_offset is the separation between the channel edge frequency and the centre of the measuring filter.

– PSD_channel represents the Power Spectral Density of the channel for a given channel bandwidth

– BW_Channel is the considered NR channel bandwidth or SAN total RF bandwidth for a given operating band.

– is the SAN class parameter in dB identified to characterize different SAN classes.

For a multi-carrier single-band connector the definitions above apply to the lower edge of the carrier transmitted at the lowest carrier frequency and the upper edge of the carrier transmitted at the highest carrier frequency within a specified frequency band.

– The operating band unwanted emission basic limits of the band where there are carriers transmitted, as defined in the tables of the present clause for the largest frequency offset (Δf_max), shall apply from channel edge up to frequencies separated from the channel edge by 200% of the necessary bandwidth.

6.6.4.2 Minimum requirements for SAN type 1-H

For SAN operating in Bands n256, n255, the requirements are specified in table 6.6.4.2-1 for GEO and LEO class respectively, in line with Annex 5 of ITU recommendation SM.1541-6 [9].

The SAN Operating Band Unwanted Emissions (OBUE) requirements for GEO and LEO classes are therefore defined as described in Table 6.6.4.2‑1 below.

Table 6.6.4.2-1: SAN LEO and GEO Classes OBUE basic limits

Frequency offset of measurement filter ‑3dB point, Δf

Frequency offset of measurement filter centre frequency, f_offset

Basic limits

(dBm)

Measurement bandwidth

0 MHz ≤ Δf < 2× BW_Channel

0.002 MHz ≤ f_offset < 2× BW_Channel + 0.002 MHz

4 kHz

NOTE 1: PSD_channel= P_{rated,c, sys}– 10log10(BW_Channel) – 24, unit dBm/4kHz.

NOTE 2: SE limit is spurious emission limit specified in spurious emission clause 6.6.5.

NOTE 3: PSD attenuation as in ITU-R SM.1541-6 [9], Annex 5 OoB domain emission limits for space services.

NOTE 4: =0 dB for GEO class and =3 dB for LEO class.

6.6.5 Transmitter spurious emissions

6.6.5.1 General

The transmitter spurious emission limits shall apply from 30 MHz to the fifth harmonic of the upper frequency edge of the DL operating band, excluding the frequency range from Δf_OBUE below the lowest frequency of each supported downlink operating band, up to Δf_OBUE above the highest frequency of each supported downlink operating band, where the Δf_OBUE is defined in table 6.6.1-1. For some operating bands, the upper limit is higher than 12.75 GHz in order to comply with the 5^th harmonic limit of the downlink operating band, as specified in ITU-R recommendation SM.329 [2].

The requirements shall apply whatever the type of transmitter considered (single carrier or multi-carrier). It applies for all transmission modes foreseen by the manufacturer’s specification.

Unless otherwise stated, all requirements are measured as mean power (RMS).

6.6.5.2 Minimum requirements for SAN type 1-H

6.6.5.2.1 General transmitter spurious emissions requirements

The requirements in table 6.6.5.2.1-1 shall apply. The application of those limits shall be the same as for operating band unwanted emissions in clause 6.6.4.

Table 6.6.5.2.1-1: General SAN transmitter spurious emission limits in FR1

Spurious frequency range	P_rated,c,sys	Basic limit	Measurement bandwidth	Notes
30 MHz – 5^th harmonic of the upper frequency edge of the DL operating band	≤ 47 dBm	-13 dBm	4 kHz	NOTE 1, NOTE 2, NOTE 3
	> 47 dBm	P_rated,c,sys – 60 dBm
NOTE 1: Measurement bandwidths as in ITU-R SM.329 [2], s4.1. NOTE 2: Upper frequency as in ITU-R SM.329 [2], s2.5 table 1. NOTE 3: The lower frequency limit is replaced by 0.7 times the waveguide cut-off frequency, according to ITU-R SM.329 [2], for systems having an integral antenna incorporating a waveguide section, or with an antenna connection in such form, and of unperturbed length equal to at least twice the cut-off.

6.6.5.2.2 Protection of the own Satellite Access Node receiver

This requirement shall be applied for NR FDD operation in order to prevent the receivers of the SAN being de-sensitized by emissions from its own SAN transmitter. It is measured at the TAB connector for SAN type 1-H for any type of SAN which has common or separate Tx/Rx TAB connectors.

The spurious emission basic limits are provided in table 6.6.5.2.2-1.

Table 6.6.5.2.2-1: SAN spurious emissions basic limits for protection of the SAN receiver

Frequency range	Basic limits	Measurement bandwidth
F_UL,low – F_UL,high	-96 dBm	100 kHz

6.6.5.2.3 Additional spurious emissions requirements

The additional spurious emissions requirement is not applicable for SAN.

6.6.5.2.4 Co-location with other Satellite Access Nodes

The co-location requirement is not applicable for SAN.

6.7 Transmitter intermodulation

The requirement is not applicable in this version of the specification.