3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations
38.1083GPPNRRelease 17Satellite Access Node radio transmission and receptionTS
3.1 Definitions
For the purposes of the present document, the terms given in 3GPP TR 21.905 [1] and the following apply. A term defined in the present document takes precedence over the definition of the same term, if any, in 3GPP TR 21.905 [1].
SAN RF Bandwidth: RF bandwidth in which a SAN transmits and/or receives single or multiple carrier(s) within a supported operating band.
NOTE: In single carrier operation, the SAN RF Bandwidth is equal to the SAN channel bandwidth.
SAN RF Bandwidth edge: frequency of one of the edges of the SAN RF Bandwidth.
basic limit: emissions limit relating to the power supplied by a single transmitter to a single antenna transmission line in ITU-R SM.329 [2] used for the formulation of unwanted emission requirements for FR1.
beam: beam (of the antenna) is the main lobe of the radiation pattern of an antenna array.
NOTE: For certain antenna array, there may be more than one beam.
beam centre direction: direction equal to the geometric centre of the half-power contour of the beam.
beam direction pair: data set consisting of the beam centre direction and the related beam peak direction.
beam peak direction: direction where the maximum EIRP is found.
beamwidth: beam which has a half-power contour that is essentially elliptical, the half-power beamwidths in the two pattern cuts that respectively contain the major and minor axis of the ellipse.
SAN channel bandwidth: RF bandwidth supporting a single NR RF carrier with the transmission bandwidth configured in the uplink or downlink.
NOTE 1: The SAN channel bandwidth is measured in MHz and is used as a reference for transmitter and receiver RF requirements.
NOTE 2: It is possible for the SAN to transmit to and/or receive from one or more satellite UE bandwidth parts that are smaller than or equal to the SAN transmission bandwidth configuration, in any part of the SAN transmission bandwidth configuration.
SAN transmission bandwidth configuration: set of resource blocks located within the SAN channel bandwidth which may be used for transmitting or receiving by the SAN.
Satellite Access Node (SAN): node providing NR user plane and control plane protocol terminations towards NTN Satellite capable UE, and connected via the NG interface to the 5GC. It encompass a transparent NTN payload on board a NTN platform, a gateway and gNB functions.
Channel edge: lowest or highest frequency of the NR carrier, separated by the SAN channel bandwidth.
directional requirement: requirement which is applied in a specific direction within the OTA coverage range for the Tx and when the AoA of the incident wave of a received signal is within the OTA REFSENS RoAoA or the minSENS RoAoA as appropriate for the receiver.
equivalent isotropic radiated power: equivalent power radiated from an isotropic directivity device producing the same field intensity at a point of observation as the field intensity radiated in the direction of the same point of observation by the discussed device.
NOTE: Isotropic directivity is equal in all directions (i.e. 0 dBi).
equivalent isotropic sensitivity: sensitivity for an isotropic directivity device equivalent to the sensitivity of the discussed device exposed to an incoming wave from a defined AoA.
NOTE 1: The sensitivity is the minimum received power level at which specific requirement is met.
NOTE 2: Isotropic directivity is equal in all directions (i.e. 0 dBi).
feeder link: Wireless link between satellite-Gateway and satellite.
Geostationary Earth Orbit: Circular orbit at 35,786 km above the Earth’s equator and following the direction of the Earth’s rotation. An object in such an orbit has an orbital period equal to the Earth’s rotational period and thus appears motionless, at a fixed position in the sky, to ground observers.
Low Earth Orbit: Orbit around the Earth with an altitude between 300 km, and 1500 km.
Highest Carrier: The carrier with the highest carrier frequency transmitted/received in a specified frequency band.
Lowest Carrier: The carrier with the lowest carrier frequency transmitted/received in a specified frequency band.
maximum carrier output power: mean power level measured per carrier at the indicated interface, during the transmitter ON period in a specified reference condition.
maximum carrier TRP output power: mean power level measured per RIB during the transmitter ON period for a specific carrier in a specified reference condition and corresponding to the declared rated carrier TRP output power (Prated,c,TRP).
maximum total output power: mean power level measured within the operating band at the indicated interface, during the transmitter ON period in a specified reference condition.
maximum total TRP output power: mean power level measured per RIB during the transmitter ON period in a specified reference condition and corresponding to the declared rated total TRP output power (Prated,t,TRP).
measurement bandwidth: RF bandwidth in which an emission level is specified.
minSENS: the lowest declared EIS value for the OSDD’s declared for OTA sensitivity requirement.
minSENS RoAoA: The reference RoAoA associated with the OSDD with the lowest declared EIS.
minimum elevation angle: Minimum angle under which the satellite can be seen by a UE.
non-terrestrial networks: Networks, or segments of networks, using an airborne or space-borne vehicle to embark a transmission equipment relay node or SAN.
satellite-gateway: An earth station or gateway is located at the surface of Earth, and providing sufficient RF power and RF sensitivity for accessing to the satellite.
operating band: frequency range in which NR operates (paired or unpaired), that is defined with a specific set of technical requirements.
NOTE: The operating band(s) for a SAN is declared by the manufacturer according to the designations in tables 5.2-1 and 5.2-2.
OTA coverage range: a common range of directions within which TX OTA requirements that are neither specified in the OTA peak directions sets nor as TRP requirement are intended to be met.
OTA peak directions set: set(s) of beam peak directions within which certain TX OTA requirements are intended to be met, where all OTA peak directions set(s) are subsets of the OTA coverage range.
NOTE: The beam peak directions are related to a corresponding contiguous range or discrete list of beam centre directions by the beam direction pairs included in the set.
OTA REFSENS RoAoA: the RoAoA determined by the contour defined by the points at which the achieved EIS is 3dB higher than the achieved EIS in the reference direction assuming that for any AoA, the receiver gain is optimized for that AoA.
NOTE: This contour will be related to the average element/sub-array radiation pattern 3dB beamwidth.
OTA sensitivity directions declaration: set of manufacturer declarations comprising at least one set of declared minimum EIS values (with SAN channel bandwidth), and related directions over which the EIS applies.
NOTE: All the directions apply to all the EIS values in an OSDD.
polarization match: condition that exists when a plane wave, incident upon an antenna from a given direction, has a polarization that is the same as the receiving polarization of the antenna in that direction.
radiated interface boundary: operating band specific radiated requirements reference where the radiated requirements apply.
NOTE: For requirements based on EIRP/EIS, the radiated interface boundary is associated to the far-field region.
Radio Bandwidth: frequency difference between the upper edge of the highest used carrier and the lower edge of the lowest used carrier.
rated beam EIRP: For a declared beam and beam direction pair, the rated beam EIRP level is the maximum power that the SAN is declared to radiate at the associated beam peak direction during the transmitter ON period.
rated carrier output power: mean power level associated with a particular carrier the manufacturer has declared to be available at the indicated interface, during the transmitter ON period in a specified reference condition.
rated carrier TRP output power: mean power level declared by the manufacturer per carrier, for SAN operating in single carrier, multi-carrier, or carrier aggregation configurations that the manufacturer has declared to be available at the RIB during the transmitter ON period.
rated total output power: mean power level associated with a particular operating band the manufacturer has declared to be available at the indicated interface, during the transmitter ON period in a specified reference condition.
rated total TRP output power: mean power level declared by the manufacturer, that the manufacturer has declared to be available at the RIB during the transmitter ON period.
reference beam direction pair: declared beam direction pair, including reference beam centre direction and reference beam peak direction where the reference beam peak direction is the direction for the intended maximum EIRP within the OTA peak directions set.
receiver target: AoA in which reception is performed by SAN types 1-H or SAN type 1-O.
receiver target redirection range: union of all the sensitivity RoAoA achievable through redirecting the receiver target related to particular OSDD.
receiver target reference direction: direction inside the OTA sensitivity directions declaration declared by the manufacturer for conformance testing. For an OSDD without receiver target redirection range, this is a direction inside the sensitivity RoAoA.
reference RoAoA: the sensitivity RoAoA associated with the receiver target reference direction for each OSDD.
requirement set: one of the NR SAN requirement’s set as defined for SAN type 1-H, SAN type 1-O.
SAN type 1-H: Satellite Access Node operating at FR1 with a requirement set consisting of conducted requirements defined at individual TAB connectors and OTA requirements defined at RIB.
SAN type 1-O: Satellite Access Node operating at FR1 with a requirement set consisting only of OTA requirements defined at the RIB.
satellite: A space-borne vehicle embarking a bent pipe payload or a regenerative payload telecommunication transmitter, placed into Low-Earth Orbit (LEO) or Geostationary Earth Orbit (GEO).
sensitivity RoAoA: RoAoA within the OTA sensitivity directions declaration, within which the declared EIS(s) of an OSDD is intended to be achieved at any instance of time for a specific SAN direction setting.
TAB connector: transceiver array boundary connector.
total radiated power: is the total power radiated by the antenna.
NOTE: The total radiated power is the power radiating in all direction for two orthogonal polarizations. Total radiated power is defined in both the near-field region and the far-field region.
transceiver array boundary: conducted interface between the transceiver unit array and the composite antenna.
transmission bandwidth: RF Bandwidth of an instantaneous transmission from a satellite UE or SAN, measured in resource block units.
3.2 Symbols
For the purposes of the present document, the following symbols apply:
Percentage of the mean transmitted power emitted outside the occupied bandwidth on the assigned channel.
BeWθ,REFSENS Beamwidth equivalent to the OTA REFSENS RoAoA in the θ-axis in degrees. Applicable for FR1 only.
BeWφ,REFSENS Beamwidth equivalent to the OTA REFSENS RoAoA in the φ-axis in degrees. Applicable for FR1 only.
SANChannel SAN channel bandwidth.
BWConfig Transmission bandwidth configuration, where BWConfig = NRB x SCS x 12.
BWContiguous Contiguous transmission bandwidth, i.e. SAN channel bandwidth for single carrier.
BWGB,low The minimum guard band defined in clause 5.3.3 for lowest assigned component carrier.
BWGB,high The minimum guard band defined in clause 5.3.3 for highest assigned component carrier.
Δf Separation between the channel edge frequency and the nominal -3 dB point of the measuring filter closest to the carrier frequency.
ΔFGlobal Global frequency raster granularity.
Δfmax f_offsetmax minus half of the bandwidth of the measuring filter.
ΔfOBUE Maximum offset of the operating band unwanted emissions mask from the downlink operating band edge.
ΔfOOB Maximum offset of the out-of-band boundary from the uplink operating band edge.
ΔminSENS Difference between conducted reference sensitivity and minSENS.
ΔOTAREFSENS Difference between conducted reference sensitivity and OTA REFSENS.
ΔFRaster Channel raster granularity.
EISminSENS The EIS declared for the minSENS RoAoA.
EISREFSENS OTA REFSENS EIS value.
FC RF reference frequency on the channel raster, given in table 5.4.2.2-1.
FC,low The Fc of the lowest carrier, expressed in MHz.
FC,high The Fc of the highest carrier, expressed in MHz.
FDL,low The lowest frequency of the downlink operating band.
FDL,high The highest frequency of the downlink operating band.
Ffilter Filter centre frequency.
Foffset,high Frequency offset from FC,high to the upper SAN RF Bandwidth edge.
Foffset,low Frequency offset from FC,low to the lower SAN RF Bandwidth edge.
f_offset Separation between the channel edge frequency and the centre of the measuring.
f_offsetmax The offset to the frequency ΔfOBUE outside the downlink operating band.
FREF RF reference frequency.
FREF-Offs Offset used for calculating FREF.
FUL,low The lowest frequency of the uplink operating band.
FUL,high The highest frequency of the uplink operating band.
GBChannel Minimum guard band defined in clause 5.3.3.
Physical resource block number.
NRB Transmission bandwidth configuration, expressed in resource blocks.
NREF NR Absolute Radio Frequency Channel Number (NR-ARFCN).
NREF-Offs Offset used for calculating NREF scaling per cell, as calculated in clause 6.1.
PEIRP,N EIRP level for channel N.
Pmax,c,AC Maximum carrier output power measured per antenna connector.
Pmax,c,TABC The maximum carrier output power per TAB connector.
Pmax,c,TRP Maximum carrier TRP output power measured at the RIB(s), and corresponding to the declared rated carrier TRP output power (Prated,c,TRP).
Pmax,c,EIRP The maximum carrier EIRP when the SAN is configured at the maximum rated carrier output TRP (Prated,c,TRP).
Prated,c,sys Prated,c,sys,GEO for SAN GEO class or Prated,c,sys,LEO for SAN LEO class.
Prated,c,TRP Rated carrier TRP output power declared per RIB
Prated,c,sys,GEO The sum of Prated,c,TABC for all TAB connectors for a single carrier of the SAN GEO class.
Prated,c,sys,LEO The sum of Prated,c,TABC for all TAB connectors for a single carrier of the SAN LEO class.
Prated,c,TABC Prated,c,TABC,GEO for SAN GEO class or Prated,c,TABC,LEO for SAN LEO class.
Prated,c,TABC,GEO The rated carrier output power per TAB connector of the SAN GEO class.
Prated,c,TABC,LEO The rated carrier output power per TAB connector of the SAN LEO class.
Prated,c,TRP Rated carrier TRP output power declared per RIB.
Prated,t,TRP Rated total TRP output power declared per RIB.
PREFSENS Conducted Reference Sensitivity power level.
SSREF SS block reference frequency position.
3.3 Abbreviations
For the purposes of the present document, the abbreviations given in 3GPP TR 21.905 [1] and the following apply. An abbreviation defined in the present document takes precedence over the definition of the same abbreviation, if any, in 3GPP TR 21.905 [1].
AA Antenna Array
AAS Active Antenna System
ACLR Adjacent Channel Leakage Ratio
ACS Adjacent Channel Selectivity
AoA Angle of Arrival
AWGN Additive White Gaussian Noise
BW Bandwidth
CA Carrier Aggregation
CP-OFDM Cyclic Prefix-OFDM
CW Continuous Wave
DFT-s-OFDM Discrete Fourier Transform-spread-OFDM
DM-RS Demodulation Reference Signal
EIRP Equivalent Isotropic Radiated Power
EIS Equivalent Isotropic Sensitivity
EVM Error Vector Magnitude
FR Frequency Range
FRC Fixed Reference Channel
GEO Geostationary Earth Orbiting
GSCN Global Synchronization Channel Number
ICS In-Channel Selectivity
LEO Low Earth Orbiting
MCS Modulation and Coding Scheme
NR New Radio
NR-ARFCN NR Absolute Radio Frequency Channel Number
NTN Non-Terrestrial Network
OBUE Operating Band Unwanted Emissions
OOB Out-of-band
OSDD OTA Sensitivity Directions Declaration
OTA Over-The-Air
PRB Physical Resource Block
PT-RS Phase Tracking Reference Signal
QAM Quadrature Amplitude Modulation
RB Resource Block
RDN Radio Distribution Network
RE Resource Element
REFSENS Reference Sensitivity
RF Radio Frequency
RIB Radiated Interface Boundary
RMS Root Mean Square (value)
RoAoA Range of Angles of Arrival
RX Receiver
SAN Satellite Access Node
SCS Sub-Carrier Spacing
SSB Synchronization Signal Block
TAB Transceiver Array Boundary
TRP Total Radiated Power
TX Transmitter