7 Radiated characteristics
38.1063GPPNR repeater radio transmission and receptionRelease 17TS
7.1 General
Radiated characteristics are specified at RIB for repeater type 2-O. Requirements apply in both DL and UL unless otherwise stated or declared.
7.2 OTA output power
7.2.1 General
Repeater type 2-O are declared to support one or more beams, as per manufacturer’s declarations specified in TS 38.115-2 [8]. Radiated transmit power is defined as the EIRP level for a declared beam at a specific beam peak direction.
For each beam, the requirement is based on declaration of a beam identity, reference beam direction pair, beamwidth, rated beam EIRP, OTA peak directions set, the beam direction pairs at the maximum steering directions and their associated rated beam EIRP and beamwidth(s).
For a declared beam and beam direction pair, the rated beam EIRP level is the maximum power that the repeater is declared to radiate at the associated beam peak direction.
For each beam peak direction associated with a beam direction pair within the OTA peak directions set, a specific rated beam EIRP level may be claimed. Any claimed value shall be met within the accuracy requirement as described below. Rated beam EIRP is only required to be declared for the beam direction pairs subject to conformance testing as detailed in TS 38.115-2 [8].
NOTE 1: OTA peak directions set is set of beam peak directions for which the EIRP accuracy requirement is intended to be met. The beam peak directions are related to a corresponding contiguous range or discrete list of beam centre directions by the beam direction pairs included in the set.
NOTE 2: A beam direction pair is data set consisting of the beam centre direction and the related beam peak direction.
NOTE 3: A declared EIRP value is a value provided by the manufacturer for verification according to the conformance specification declaration requirements, whereas a claimed EIRP value is provided by the manufacturer to the equipment user for normal operation of the equipment and is not subject to formal conformance testing.
For pass bands where the supported fractional bandwidth (FBW) is larger than 6%, two rated beam EIRP may be declared by manufacturer:
– Prated,out,FBWlow for lower supported frequency range, and
– Prated,out,FBWhigh for higher supported frequency range.
For frequencies in between FFBWlow and FFBWhigh the rated beam EIRP is:
– Prated,out,FBWlow, for the output whose frequency is within frequency range FFBWlow ≤ f < (FFBWlow +FFBWhigh) / 2,
– Prated,out,FBWhigh, for the output whose frequency is within frequency range (FFBWlow +FFBWhigh) / 2 ≤ f ≤FFBWhigh.
OTA repeater output power is also declared as a TRP radiated requirement, with the output power accuracy requirement defined at the RIB. TRP does not change with beamforming settings as long as the beam peak direction is within the OTA peak directions set. Thus, the TRP accuracy requirement must be met for any beamforming setting for which the beam peak direction is within the OTA peak directions set.
There is no upper limit for the rated TRP output power and the rated beam EIRP output power of repeater type 2-O DL transmission.
The repeater rated TRP output power and the rated beam EIRP output power for repeater type 2-O UL transmission shall be within limits as specified in table 9.2.1-1.
Table 7.2.1-1: Repeater rated TRP output power limits for repeater type 2-O UL transmission
|
Repeater class |
Prated,p,TRP |
Prated,p,EIRP |
|
Wide Area |
(note 1) |
(note 1) |
|
Local Area |
≤ + 35 + X dBm, Note 3 |
≤ + 55 + X dBm, Note 2 |
|
NOTE1: There is no upper limit for the Prated,p,TRP or Prated,p,EIRP of the repeater type 2-O UL transmission. NOTE2: X = 10*log (ceil (passband bandwidth/100MHz)) |
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7.2.2 Minimum requirement
The AoA of the input signal shall be the same as the reference direction for the OTA peak directions set when operating in the opposite DL/UL direction.
The requirements shall apply with NR signals in the passband of the repeater at:
The lowest input power (Pp,in,EIRP) that produces the rated passband TRP output power (Prated,p,TRP)
Up to:
The lowest input power (Pp,in,EIRP) that produces the rated passband TRP output power (Prated,p,TRP), plus 10dB
In normal conditions, the measured output power, Pmax,p,EIRP shall remain within +2 dB and -2 dB of the rated beam EIRP output power Prated,p,EIRP, declared by the manufacturer.
In extreme conditions, the measured output power, Pmax,p,,EIRP shall remain within +2.5 dB and -2.5 dB of the rated beam EIRP output power Prated,p,EIRP, declared by the manufacturer.
In normal conditions, the repeater type 2-O maximum passband TRP output power, Pmax,p,TRP measured at the RIB shall remain within ±3 dB of the rated passband TRP output power Prated,p,TRP, as declared by the manufacturer.
7.3 OTA frequency stability
7.3.1 General
Frequency stability is the ability to maintain the same frequency on the output signal with respect to the input signal.
OTA frequency stability requirement is defined as a directional requirement at the RIB and shall be met within the OTA coverage range.
7.3.2 Minimum requirement
The frequency deviation of the output signal with respect to the input signal shall be no more than ±0,01 PPM.
7.4 OTA out of band gain
7.4.1 General
Out of band gain refers to the gain of the repeater outside the passband.
The requirement is based on the ratio of TRP output power to directional input power.
The intended use of a repeater in a system is to amplify the in-band signals and not to amplify signals outside of the passband.
In the intended application of the repeater, the out of band gain is less than lowest expected the coupling loss to the nearest source of emissions.
7.4.2 Minimum requirement
The gain outside the passband shall not exceed the maximum level specified in table 7.4.2-1, where:
– f_offset_CW is the offset between the outer channel edge frequency of the outer channel in the passband and a CW signal.
Table 7.4.2-1: Out of band gain limits 1
|
Frequency offset, f_offset_CW |
Maximum gain |
|
0.1*Minimum {400MHz, passband BW} f_offset_CW < 150 MHz |
68 dB |
|
150 MHz f_offset_CW < 400 MHz |
55 dB |
|
400 MHz f_offset_CW < f_offset_max |
35 dB |
7.5 OTA unwanted emissions
7.5.1 General
Unwanted emissions consist of so-called out-of-band emissions and spurious emissions according to ITU definitions ITU-R SM.329 [5]. In ITU terminology, out of band emissions are unwanted emissions immediately outside the passband resulting from the modulation process and non-linearity in the transmitter but excluding spurious emissions. Spurious emissions are emissions which are caused by unwanted transmitter effects such as harmonics emission, parasitic emission, intermodulation products and frequency conversion products, but exclude out of band emissions.
The OTA out-of-band emissions requirement for the repeater type 2-O transmitter is specified both in terms of Adjacent Channel Leakage power Ratio (ACLR) and operating band unwanted emissions (OBUE). OTA Unwanted emissions outside of this frequency range are limited by an OTA spurious emissions requirement.
The maximum offset of the operating band unwanted emissions mask from the operating band edge is ΔfOBUE. The value of ΔfOBUE is defined in table 7.5.1-1 for repeater type 2-O for NR operating bands.
Table 7.5.1-1: Maximum offset ΔfOBUE outside the downlink operating band for repeater type 2-O
|
Repeater type |
Operating band characteristics |
ΔfOBUE (MHz) |
|
Repeater type 2-O |
FDL,high – FDL,low ≤ 4000 MHz |
1500 |
The unwanted emission requirements are applied per cell for all the configurations. Requirements for OTA unwanted emissions are captured using TRP, directional requirements or co-location requirements as described per requirement.
7.5.2 OTA Adjacent Channel Leakage Power Ratio (ACLR)
7.5.2.1 General
OTA Adjacent Channel Leakage power Ratio (ACLR) is the ratio of the filtered mean power centred on the assigned channel frequency to the filtered mean power centred on an adjacent channel frequency. The measured power is TRP.
The requirement shall be applied per RIB during the transmitter ON state.
7.5.2.2 Minimum requirement for repeater type 2-O
The OTA ACLR limit is specified in table 7.5.2.2-1 for DL and UL for Wide Area class and DL for Local Area class.
The OTA ACLR limit is specified in table 7.5.2.2-1a for UL for Local Area class.
The OTA ACLR absolute limit is specified in table 7.5.2.2-2.
Either the OTA ACLR (CACLR) absolute limit in table 7.5.2.2-2 or 7.5.2.2-5 or the relevant ACLR (CACLR) limit in table 7.5.2.2-1, 7.5.2.2-1a, 7.5.2.2-3, 7.5.5.2-3a, 7.5.2.2-4 or 7.5.2.2-4a, whichever is less stringent, shall apply.
For a RIB operating in non-contiguous spectrum, the OTA ACLR requirement in table 7.5.2.2-3 shall apply in gaps between passbands for the frequency ranges defined in the table, while the OTA CACLR requirement in table 7.5.2.2-4 shall apply in gaps between passbands for the frequency ranges defined in the table.
The CACLR in a gap between passbands is the ratio of:
a) the sum of the filtered mean power centred on the assigned channel frequencies for the two carriers adjacent to each side of the gap between passbands, and
b) the filtered mean power centred on a frequency channel adjacent to one of the respective passband edges.
The assumed filter for the adjacent channel frequency is defined in table 7.5.2.2-4 and the filters on the assigned channels are defined in table 7.5.2.2-6.
For operation in non-contiguous spectrum, the CACLR for NR carriers located on either side of the gap between passbands shall be higher than the value specified in table 7.5.2.2-4.
For repeater type 2-O nominal repeater channel bandwidth is calculated as min(400MHz, BWpassband). If this bandwidth is not defined for BS channel bandwidth for the operating band, nominal channel bandwidth shall be defined as the widest channel bandwidth for the operating band which is narrower than BWpassband.
Table 7.5.2.2-1: Repeater type 2-O ACLR limit for DL and UL for WA class and DL for LA class
|
Repeater nominal channel bandwidth of passband BWNominal (MHz) |
Repeater adjacent channel centre frequency offset below or above the passband edge |
Assumed adjacent channel carrier |
Filter on the adjacent channel frequency and corresponding filter bandwidth |
ACLR limit (dB) |
|
50, 100, 200, 400 |
BWNominal |
NR of same BW (Note 2) |
Square (BWConfig) |
28 (Note 3) 26 (Note 4) |
|
NOTE 1: BWNominal and BWConfig are the nominal repeater channel bandwidth and transmission bandwidth configuration of the passband. NOTE 2: With SCS that provides the largest transmission bandwidth configuration (BWConfig). NOTE 3: Applicable to bands defined within the frequency spectrum range of 24.25 – 33.4 GHz NOTE 4: Applicable to bands defined within the frequency spectrum range of 37 – 52.6 GHz |
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Table 7.5.2.2-1a: Repeater type 2-O ACLR limit for UL LA class
|
Repeater nominal channel bandwidth of passband BWNominal (MHz) |
Repeater adjacent channel centre frequency offset below or above the passband edge |
Assumed adjacent channel carrier |
Filter on the adjacent channel frequency and corresponding filter bandwidth |
ACLR limit (dB) |
|
50, 100, 200, 400 |
BWNominal |
NR of same BW (Note 2) |
Square (BWConfig) |
17 (Note 3) 16 (Note 4) |
|
NOTE 1: BWNominal and BWConfig are the nominal repeater channel bandwidth and transmission bandwidth configuration of the passband. NOTE 2: With SCS that provides the largest transmission bandwidth configuration (BWConfig). NOTE 3: Applicable to bands defined within the frequency spectrum range of 24.25 – 33.4 GHz NOTE 4: Applicable to bands defined within the frequency spectrum range of 37 – 52.6 GHz |
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Table 7.5.2.2-2: Repeater type 2-O ACLR absolute limit
|
Repeater class |
ACLR absolute limit |
|
Wide area DL and UL |
-13 dBm/MHz |
|
Medium range DL |
-20 dBm/MHz |
|
Local area DL |
-20 dBm/MHz |
Table 7.5.2.2-3: Repeater type 2-O ACLR limit in non-contiguous spectrum for DL and UL for WA class and DL for LA class
|
Repeater nominal channel bandwidth of passband BWNominal (MHz) |
Gap between passbands size (Wgap) where the limit applies (MHz) |
Repeater adjacent channel centre frequency offset below or above the passband edge (inside the gap) |
Assumed adjacent channel carrier |
Filter on the adjacent channel frequency and corresponding filter bandwidth |
ACLR limit |
|
50, 100, 200, 400 |
Wgap≥ 100 (Note 5) Wgap≥ 250 (Note 6) |
25 MHz |
50 MHz NR (Note 2) |
Square (BWConfig) |
28 (Note 3) 26 (Note 4) |
|
50, 100, 200, 400 |
Wgap≥ 400 (Note 6) Wgap≥ 250 (Note 5) |
100 MHz |
200 MHz NR (Note 2) |
Square (BWConfig) |
28 (Note 3) 26 (Note 4) |
|
NOTE 1: BWConfig is the transmission bandwidth configuration of the assumed adjacent channel carrier. NOTE 2: With SCS that provides the largest transmission bandwidth configuration (BWConfig). NOTE 3: Applicable to bands defined within the frequency spectrum range of 24.25 – 33.4 GHz. NOTE 4: Applicable to bands defined within the frequency spectrum range of 37 – 52.6 GHz. NOTE 5: Applicable in case the repeater type 2-O nominal channel bandwidth of passband at the other edge of the gap is ≤ 100 MHz. NOTE 6: Applicable in case the repeater type 2-O nominal channel bandwidth of passband at the other edge of the gap is > 100 MHz. |
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Table 7.5.2.2-3a: Repeater type 2-O ACLR limit in non-contiguous spectrum for UL for LA class
|
Repeater nominal channel bandwidth of lowest/highest carrier transmitted (MHz) |
Gap between passbands size (Wgap) where the limit applies (MHz) |
Repeater adjacent channel centre frequency offset below or above the sub-block edge (inside the gap) |
Assumed adjacent channel carrier |
Filter on the adjacent channel frequency and corresponding filter bandwidth |
ACLR limit |
|
min(400MHz, BWpassband) |
Wgap≥ 100 (Note 5) Wgap≥ 250 (Note 6) |
25 MHz |
50 MHz NR (Note 2) |
Square (BWConfig) |
17 (Note 3) 16 (Note 4) |
|
min(400MHz, BWpassband) |
Wgap≥ 400 (Note 6) Wgap≥ 250 (Note 5) |
100 MHz |
200 MHz NR (Note 2) |
Square (BWConfig) |
17 (Note 3) 16 (Note 4) |
|
NOTE 1: BWConfig is the nominal bandwidth configuration of the assumed adjacent channel carrier. NOTE 2: With SCS that provides nominal bandwidth configuration (BWConfig). NOTE 3: Applicable to bands defined within the frequency spectrum range of 24.25 – 33.4 GHz. NOTE 4: Applicable to bands defined within the frequency spectrum range of 37 – 52.6 GHz. NOTE 5: Applicable in case the repeater passband at the other edge of the gap is ≤ 100 MHz. NOTE 6: Applicable in case the repeater passband at the other edge of the gap is > 100 MHz. |
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Table 7.5.2.2-4: Repeater type 2-O CACLR limit in non-contiguous spectrum for DL and UL for WA class and DL for LA class
|
Repeater channel bandwidth of passband BWNominal (MHz) |
Gap between passbands size (Wgap) where the limit applies (MHz) |
Repeater adjacent channel centre frequency offset below or above the passband edge (inside the gap) |
Assumed adjacent channel carrier |
Filter on the adjacent channel frequency and corresponding filter bandwidth |
CACLR limit |
|
|
50, 100, 200, 400 |
50 ≤Wgap< 100 (Note 5) 50 ≤Wgap< 250 (Note 6) |
25 MHz |
50 MHz NR (Note 2) |
Square (BWConfig) |
28 (Note 3) 26 (Note 4) |
|
|
50, 100, 200, 400 |
200 ≤Wgap< 400 (Note 6) 200 ≤Wgap< 250 (Note 5) |
100 MHz |
200 MHz NR (Note 2) |
Square (BWConfig) |
28 (Note 3) 26 (Note 4) |
|
|
NOTE 1: BWConfig is the transmission bandwidth configuration of the assumed adjacent channel carrier. NOTE 2: With SCS that provides the largest transmission bandwidth configuration (BWConfig). NOTE 3: Applicable to bands defined within the frequency spectrum range of 24.25 – 33.4 GHz. NOTE 4: Applicable to bands defined within the frequency spectrum range of 37 – 52.6 GHz. NOTE 5: Applicable in case the repeater type 2-O nominal channel bandwidth of passband at the other edge of the gap is ≤ 100 MHz. NOTE 6: Applicable in case the repeater type 2-O nominal channel bandwidth of passband at the other edge of the gap is > 100 MHz. |
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Table 7.5.2.2-4a: Repeater type 2-O CACLR limit in non-contiguous spectrum for UL for LA class
|
Repeater channel bandwidth of lowest/highest carrier transmitted (MHz) |
Gap between passbands size (Wgap) where the limit applies (MHz) |
Repeater adjacent channel centre frequency offset below or above the sub-block edge (inside the gap) |
Assumed adjacent channel carrier |
Filter on the adjacent channel frequency and corresponding filter bandwidth |
CACLR limit |
|
|
min(400MHz, BWpassband) |
50 ≤Wgap< 100 (Note 5) 50 ≤Wgap< 250 (Note 6) |
25 MHz |
50 MHz NR (Note 2) |
Square (BWConfig) |
17 (Note 3) 16 (Note 4) |
|
|
min(400MHz, BWpassband) |
200 ≤Wgap< 400 (Note 6) 200 ≤Wgap< 250 (Note 5) |
100 MHz |
200 MHz NR (Note 2) |
Square (BWConfig) |
17 (Note 3) 16 (Note 4) |
|
|
NOTE 1: BWConfig is the nominal bandwidth configuration of the assumed adjacent channel carrier. NOTE 2: With SCS that provides nominal bandwidth configuration (BWConfig). NOTE 3: Applicable to bands defined within the frequency spectrum range of 24.25 – 33.4 GHz. NOTE 4: Applicable to bands defined within the frequency spectrum range of 37 – 52.6 GHz. NOTE 5: Applicable in case the repeater passband at the other edge of the gap is ≤ 100 MHz. NOTE 6: Applicable in case the repeater passband at the other edge of the gap is > 100 MHz. |
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Table 7.5.2.2-5: Repeater type 2-O CACLR absolute limit
|
Repeater class |
CACLR absolute limit |
|
Wide area DL and UL |
-13 dBm/MHz |
|
Medium range DL |
-20 dBm/MHz |
|
Local area DL |
-20 dBm/MHz |
Table 7.5.2.2-6: Filter parameters for the assigned channel
|
RAT of the carrier adjacent to the gap between passbands |
Filter on the assigned channel frequency and corresponding filter bandwidth |
|
NR |
NR of same BW with SCS that provides largest transmission bandwidth configuration |
7.5.3 OTA operating band unwanted emissions
7.5.3.1 General
The OTA limits for operating band unwanted emissions are specified as TRP per RIB unless otherwise stated.
In addition to, for the part of passband where there is no input signal, -13dBm/MHz shall apply for all classes DL and UL.
7.5.3.2 Minimum requirement for repeater type 2-O
7.5.3.2.1 General
The requirements of either clause 7.5.3.2.2 (Category A limits) or clause 7.5.3.2.3 (Category B limits) shall apply. The application of either Category A or Category B limits shall be the same as for General OTA transmitter spurious emissions requirements (repeater type 2-O) in clause 7.5.3.3.2. In addition, the limits in clause 7.5.3.2.4 may also apply.
Out-of-band emissions in FR2 are limited by OTA operating band unwanted emission limits.
For repeater type 2-O, unless otherwise stated, the OTA operating band unwanted emission limits in FR2 are defined from ΔfOBUE below the lowest frequency of each supported downlink operating band up to ΔfOBUE above the highest frequency of each supported downlink operating band.
The values of ΔfOBUE are defined in table 7.5.1-1 for the NR operating bands.
The requirements shall apply whatever the type of transmitter considered and for all transmission modes foreseen by the manufacturer’s specification. For a RIB operating in contiguous CA, the requirements apply to the frequencies (ΔfOBUE) starting from the edge of the passband. In addition, for a RIB operating in non-contiguous spectrum, the requirements apply inside any gap between passbands.
Emissions shall not exceed the maximum levels specified in the tables below, where:
– Δf is the separation between the passband edge frequency and the nominal -3dB point of the measuring filter closest to the passband edge.
– f_offset is the separation between the passband edge frequency and the centre of the measuring filter.
– f_offsetmax is the offset to the frequency ΔfOBUE outside the downlink operating band, where ΔfOBUE is defined in table 7.5.1-1.
– Δfmax is equal to f_offsetmax minus half of the bandwidth of the measuring filter.
In addition, inside any gap between passbands for a RIB operating in non-contiguous spectrum, emissions shall not exceed the cumulative sum of the limits specified for the adjacent sub-blocks on each side of the gap between passbands. The limit for each sub-block is specified in clauses 7.5.3.2.2 and 7.5.3.2.3 below, where in this case:
– Δf is the separation between the sub-block edge frequency and the nominal -3 dB point of the measuring filter closest to the sub-block edge.
– f_offset is the separation between the sub-block edge frequency and the centre of the measuring filter.
– f_offsetmax is equal to the gap between passbands bandwidth minus half of the bandwidth of the measuring filter.
– Δfmax is equal to f_offsetmax minus half of the bandwidth of the measuring filter.
7.5.3.2.2 OTA operating band unwanted emission limits (Category A)
Repeater type 2-O unwanted emissions shall not exceed the maximum levels specified in table 7.5.3.2.2‑1 and 7.5.3.5.2-2.
Table 7.5.3.2.2-1: OBUE limits applicable in the frequency range 24.25 – 33.4 GHz
|
Frequency offset of measurement filter -3B point, Δf |
Frequency offset of measurement filter centre frequency, f_offset |
Limit |
Measurement bandwidth |
|
0 MHz ≤ Δf < 0.1*BWcontiguous |
0.5 MHz ≤ f_offset < 0.1* BWcontiguous +0.5 MHz |
Min(-5 dBm, Max(Prated,t,TRP – 35 dB, -12 dBm)) |
1 MHz |
|
0.1*BWcontiguous ≤ Δf < Δfmax |
0.1* BWcontiguous +0.5 MHz ≤ f_offset < f_ offsetmax |
Min(-13 dBm, Max(Prated,t,TRP – 43 dB, -20 dBm)) |
1 MHz |
|
NOTE 1: For non-contiguous spectrum operation within any operating band the limit within gaps between passbands is calculated as a cumulative sum of contributions from adjacent sub-blocks on each side of the gap between passbands. |
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Table 7.5.3.2.2-2: OBUE limits applicable in the frequency range 37 – 52.6 GHz
|
Frequency offset of measurement filter -3B point, Δf |
Frequency offset of measurement filter centre frequency, f_offset |
Limit |
Measurement bandwidth |
|
0 MHz ≤ Δf < 0.1*BWcontiguous |
0.5 MHz ≤ f_offset < 0.1* BWcontiguous +0.5 MHz |
Min(-5 dBm, Max(Prated,t,TRP – 33 dB, -12 dBm)) |
1 MHz |
|
0.1*BWcontiguous ≤ Δf < Δfmax |
0.1* BWcontiguous +0.5 MHz ≤ f_offset < f_ offsetmax |
Min(-13 dBm, Max(Prated,t,TRP – 41 dB, -20 dBm)) |
1 MHz |
|
NOTE 1: For non-contiguous spectrum operation within any operating band the limit within gaps between passbands is calculated as a cumulative sum of contributions from adjacent sub-blocks on each side of the gap between passbands. |
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7.5.3.2.3 OTA operating band unwanted emission limits (Category B)
Repeater type 2-O unwanted emissions shall not exceed the maximum levels specified in table 7.5.3.2.3‑1 or 7.5.3.2.3-2.
Table 7.5.3.2.3-1: OBUE limits applicable in the frequency range 24.25 – 33.4 GHz
|
Frequency offset of measurement filter -3 dB point, Δf |
Frequency offset of measurement filter centre frequency, f_offset |
Limit |
Measurement bandwidth |
|
0 MHz ≤ Δf < 0.1*BWcontiguous |
0.5 MHz ≤ f_offset < 0.1* BWcontiguous +0.5 MHz |
Min(-5 dBm, Max(Prated,t,TRP – 35 dB, -12 dBm)) |
1 MHz |
|
0.1*BWcontiguous ≤ Δf < ΔfB |
0.1* BWcontiguous +0.5 MHz ≤ f_offset < ΔfB +0.5 MHz |
Min(-13 dBm, Max(Prated,t,TRP – 43 dB, -20 dBm)) |
1 MHz |
|
ΔfB ≤ Δf < Δfmax |
ΔfB +5 MHz ≤ f_offset < f_ offsetmax |
Min(-5 dBm, Max(Prated,t,TRP – 33 dB, -10 dBm)) |
10 MHz |
|
NOTE 1: For non-contiguous spectrum operation within any operating band the limit within gaps between passbands is calculated as a cumulative sum of contributions from adjacent sub-blocks on each side of the gap between passbands. NOTE 2: ΔfB = 2*BWcontiguous when BWcontiguous ≤ 500 MHz, otherwise ΔfB = BWcontiguous + 500 MHz. |
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Table 7.5.3.2.3-2: OBUE limits applicable in the frequency range 37 – 52.6 GHz
|
Frequency offset of measurement filter -3 dB point, Δf |
Frequency offset of measurement filter centre frequency, f_offset |
Limit |
Measurement bandwidth |
|
0 MHz ≤ Δf < 0.1*BWcontiguous |
0.5 MHz ≤ f_offset < 0.1* BWcontiguous +0.5 MHz |
Min(-5 dBm, Max(Prated,t,TRP – 33 dB, -12 dBm)) |
1 MHz |
|
0.1*BWcontiguous ≤ Δf < ΔfB |
0.1* BWcontiguous +0.5 MHz ≤ f_offset < ΔfB +0.5 MHz |
Min(-13 dBm, Max(Prated,t,TRP – 41 dB, -20 dBm)) |
1 MHz |
|
ΔfB ≤ Δf < Δfmax |
ΔfB +5 MHz ≤ f_offset < f_ offsetmax |
Min(-5 dBm, Max(Prated,t,TRP – 31 dB, -10 dBm)) |
10 MHz |
|
NOTE 1: For non-contiguous spectrum operation within any operating band the limit within gaps between passbands is calculated as a cumulative sum of contributions from adjacent sub-blocks on each side of the gap between passbands. NOTE 2: ΔfB = 2*BWcontiguous when BWcontiguous ≤ 500 MHz, otherwise ΔfB = BWcontiguous + 500 MHz. |
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7.5.3.2.4 Additional OTA operating band unwanted emission requirements
7.5.3.2.4.1 Protection of Earth Exploration Satellite Service
For repeater operating in the frequency range 24.25 – 27.5 GHz, the power of unwanted emission shall not exceed the limits in table 7.5.3.2.4.1-1 for DL and in table7.5.3.2.4.1-2.
Table 7.5.3.2.4.1-1: OBUE limits for protection of Earth Exploration Satellite Service for DL
|
Frequency range |
Limit |
Measurement Bandwidth |
|
23.6 – 24 GHz |
-3 dBm (Note 1) |
200 MHz |
|
23.6 – 24 GHz |
-9 dBm (Note 2) |
200 MHz |
|
NOTE 1: This limit applies to repeater brought into use on or before 1 September 2027. NOTE 2: This limit applies to repeater brought into use after 1 September 2027. |
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Table 7.5.3.2.4.1-2: OBUE limits for protection of Earth Exploration Satellite Service for UL
|
Frequency range |
Limit |
Measurement Bandwidth |
|
23.6 – 24 GHz |
1 dBm |
200 MHz |
7.5.4 OTA transmitter spurious emissions
7.5.4.1 General
Unless otherwise stated, all requirements are measured as mean power.
The OTA spurious emissions limits are specified as TRP per RIB unless otherwise stated.
7.5.4.2 Minimum requirement for repeater type 2-O
7.5.4.2.1 General
For repeater type 2-O, the OTA transmitter spurious emission limits apply from 30 MHz to 2nd harmonic of the upper frequency edge of the downlink operating band, excluding the frequency range from ΔfOBUE below the lowest frequency of the downlink operating band, up to ΔfOBUE above the highest frequency of the downlink operating band, where the ΔfOBUE is defined in table 7.5.1-1.
7.5.4.2.2 General OTA transmitter spurious emissions requirements
7.5.4.2.2.1 General
The requirements of either clause 7.5.5.2.2.2 (Category A limits) or clause 7.5.5.2.2.3 (Category B limits) shall apply. The application of either Category A or Category B limits shall be the same as for Operating band unwanted emissions in clause 7.5.4.
7.5.4.2.2.2 OTA transmitter spurious emissions (Category A)
The power of any spurious emission shall not exceed the limits in table 7.5.4.2.2-1
Table 7.5.4.2.2.2-1: Repeater radiated Tx spurious emission limits in FR2
|
Frequency range |
Limit |
Measurement Bandwidth |
Note |
|
30 MHz – 1 GHz |
-13 dBm |
100 kHz |
Note 1 |
|
1 GHz – 2nd harmonic of the upper frequency edge of the passband |
1 MHz |
Note 1, Note 2 |
|
|
NOTE 1: Bandwidth as in ITU-R SM.329 [5], s4.1 NOTE 2: Upper frequency as in ITU-R SM.329 [5], s2.5 table 1. |
|||
7.5.4.2.2.3 OTA transmitter spurious emissions (Category B)
The power of any spurious emission shall not exceed the limits in table 7.5.4.2.2.3-1.
Table 7.5.4.2.2.3-1: Repeater radiated Tx spurious emission limits in FR2 (Category B)
|
Frequency range |
Limit |
Measurement Bandwidth |
Note |
|
30 MHz ↔ 1 GHz |
-36 dBm |
100 kHz |
Note 1 |
|
1 GHz ↔ 18 GHz |
-30 dBm |
1 MHz |
Note 1 |
|
18 GHz ↔ Fstep,1 |
-20 dBm |
10 MHz |
Note 2 |
|
Fstep,1 ↔ Fstep,2 |
-15 dBm |
10 MHz |
Note 2 |
|
Fstep,2 ↔ Fstep,3 |
-10 dBm |
10 MHz |
Note 2 |
|
Fstep,4 ↔ Fstep,5 |
-10 dBm |
10 MHz |
Note 2 |
|
Fstep,5 ↔ Fstep,6 |
-15 dBm |
10 MHz |
Note 2 |
|
Fstep,6 ↔ 2nd harmonic of the upper frequency edge of the passband |
-20 dBm |
10 MHz |
Note 2, Note 3 |
|
NOTE 1: Bandwidth as in ITU-R SM.329 [5], s4.1 NOTE 2: Limit and bandwidth as in ERC Recommendation 74-01 [9], Annex 2. NOTE 3: Upper frequency as in ITU-R SM.329 [5], s2.5 table 1. NOTE 4: The step frequencies Fstep,X are defined in Table 7.5.4.2.2.3-2. |
|||
Table 7.5.4.2.2.3-2: Step frequencies for defining the Repeater radiated Tx spurious emission limits in FR2 (Category B)
|
Operating band |
Fstep,1 |
Fstep,2 |
Fstep,3 |
Fstep,4 |
Fstep,5 |
Fstep,6 |
|
n258 |
18 |
21 |
22.75 |
29 |
30.75 |
40.5 |
|
n259 |
23.5 |
35.5 |
38 |
45 |
47.5 |
59.5 |
|
NOTE 1: Fstep,X are based on ERC Recommendation 74-01 [9], Annex 2. NOTE 2: Fstep,3 and Fstep,4 are aligned with the values for ΔfOBUE in Table 7.5.1-1. |
||||||
7.5.4.2.3 Additional OTA transmitter spurious emissions requirements
These requirements may be applied for the protection of systems operating in frequency ranges other than the repeater-Node. The limits may apply as an optional protection of such systems that are deployed in the same geographical area as the repeater-Node, or they may be set by local or regional regulation as a mandatory requirement for an NR operating band. It is in some cases not stated in the present document whether a requirement is mandatory or under what exact circumstances that a limit applies, since this is set by local or regional regulation. An overview of regional requirements in the present document is given in clause 4.4.
7.5.4.2.3.1 Limits for protection of Earth Exploration Satellite Service
For repeater operating in the frequency range 24.25 – 27.5 GHz, the power of any spurious emissions shall not exceed the limits in Table 7.5.4.2.3.1-1 and Table 7.5.4.2.3.1-2.
Table 7.5.4.2.3.1-1: Limits for protection of Earth Exploration Satellite Service for DL
|
Frequency range |
Limit |
Measurement Bandwidth |
Note |
|
23.6 – 24 GHz |
-3 dBm |
200 MHz |
Note 1 |
|
23.6 – 24 GHz |
-9 dBm |
200 MHz |
Note 2 |
|
NOTE 1: This limit applies to Repeater brought into use on or before 1 September 2027. NOTE 2: This limit applies to Repeater brought into use after 1 September 2027. |
|||
Table 7.5.4.2.3.1-2: OBUE limits for protection of Earth Exploration Satellite Service for UL
|
Frequency range |
Limit |
Measurement Bandwidth |
|
23.6 – 24 GHz |
1 dBm |
200 MHz |
7.6 OTA Error Vector Magnitude
7.6.1 Downlink Error vector magnitude
7.6.1.1 General
The Error Vector Magnitude (EVM) is a measure of the difference between the symbols provided at the input of the repeater and the measured signal symbols at the output of the repeater after the equalization by the measurement equipment. This difference is called the error vector. Details about how the EVM is determined are specified in TS 38.104 [2] Annex C for FR2. The EVM result is defined as the square root of the ratio of the mean error vector power to the mean reference power expressed in percent.
OTA modulation quality requirement is defined as a directional requirement at the RIB and shall be met within the OTA coverage range on the transmit side and the AoA of the incident wave of the received signal is in the reference direction at the receive side.
The EVM requirement is applicable when the repeater is operating with an input power level within the range from what is required to reach the rated beam EIRP output power (Prated,p,EIRP) to the minimum power levels in table 7.6.1.1-1.
Table 7.6.1.1-1: Minimum input power for EVM
|
BS class |
Minimum input power (dBm/MHz) |
|||||
|
24.25 – 33.4 GHz |
37 – 52.6 GHz |
|||||
|
Up to 16 QAM |
64QAM 1 |
256QAM 2 |
Up to 16 QAM |
64QAM 1 |
256QAM 2 |
|
|
WA, MR, LA |
-77- GRX_ANT |
-73- GRX_ANT |
-66- GRX_ANT |
-75- GRX_ANT |
-71- GRX_ANT |
-64- GRX_ANT |
|
Note 1: support of 64QAM is based on the declaration Note 2: support of 256QAM is based on the declaration |
||||||
Where GRX_ANT is the gain of the receive side antennas and is based on EIRP and TRP declaration.
7.6.1.2 Minimum requirement
The EVM levels for different modulation schemes outlined in table 7.6.1.2-1 shall be met using the frame structure described in clause 7.6.1.3.
Table 7.6.1.2-1: EVM requirements
|
Parameter |
Required EVM |
|
Up to 16QAM |
12.5% |
|
64QAM |
8 % 1 |
|
256QAM |
3.5 % 2 |
|
Note 1: support of 64QAM is based on the declaration Note 2: support of 256QAM is based on the declaration. |
|
7.6.1.3 EVM frame structure for measurement
The input signals for the EVM requirement shall have the same frame structure as defined for the BS is TS 38.104 [2].
7.6.2 Uplink Error vector magnitude
7.6.2.1 General
The Error Vector Magnitude is a measure of the difference between the reference waveform and the measured waveform. This difference is called the error vector. Before calculating the EVM, the measured waveform is corrected by the sample timing offset and RF frequency offset. Then the carrier leakage shall be removed from the measured waveform before calculating the EVM.
The measured waveform is further equalised using the channel estimates subjected to the EVM equaliser spectrum flatness requirement specified in TS 38.101-2 [14] clauses 6.4.2.4 and 6.4.2.5. For DFT-s-OFDM waveforms, the EVM result is defined after the front-end FFT and IDFT as the square root of the ratio of the mean error vector power to the mean reference power expressed as a %. For CP-OFDM waveforms, the EVM result is defined after the front-end FFT as the square root of the ratio of the mean error vector power to the mean reference power expressed as a %.
The basic EVM measurement interval is one slot in the time domain. The EVM measurement interval is reduced by any symbols that contains an allowable power transient in the measurement interval as defined in TS 38.101-2 [14] clause 6.3.3.
All the parameters defined in clause 7.6.2 are defined using the measurement methodology specified in TS 38.101-2 [14] Annex F.
OTA modulation quality requirement is defined as a directional requirement at the RIB and shall be met within the OTA coverage range on the transmit side and the AoA of the incident wave of the received signal is in the reference direction at the receive side.
The EVM requirement is applicable when the repeater is operating with an input power level within the range from what is required to reach the rated beam EIRP output power (Prated,p,EIRP) to the minimum input power levels in table 7.6.2.1-1.
Table 7.6.2.1-1: Minimum input power for EVM
|
BS class |
Minimum input power (dBm/MHz) |
|||
|
24.25 – 33.4 GHz |
37 – 52.6 GHz |
|||
|
Up to 16 QAM |
64QAM 1 |
Up to 16 QAM |
64QAM1 |
|
|
WA, MR, LA |
-77- GRX_ANT |
-73- GRX_ANT |
-75- GRX_ANT |
-71- GRX_ANT |
|
Note 1: support of 64QAM is based on the declaration |
||||
Where GRX_ANT is the gain of the receive side antennas and is calculated from EIRP and TRP declaration.
7.6.2.2 Minimum requirement
The RMS average of the basic EVM measurements over 10 subframes for the average EVM case, for the different modulation schemes shall not exceed the values specified in Table 7.6.2.1-1.
Table 7.6.2.2-1: Minimum requirements for error vector magnitude
|
Parameter |
Unit |
Average EVM level |
|
Up to 16 QAM |
% |
12.5 |
|
64 QAM |
% |
8 1 |
|
Note 1: support of 64QAM is based on the declaration |
||
7.7 OTA input intermodulation
7.7.1 General
The input intermodulation is a measure of the capability of the repeater to inhibit the generation of interference in the passband, in the presence of interfering signals on frequencies other than the passband. The requirement is defined as a directional requirement.
The requirement shall apply at the RIB when the AoA of the incident wave of a received signal and the interfering signal are from the same direction:
The interfering signals apply to each supported polarization, under the assumption of polarization match.
The following requirement applies for interfering signals depending on the repeaters passband.
This requirement applies to the uplink and downlink of the repeater.
7.7.2 Minimum requirement
For the parameters specified in table 7.7.2-1, the power in the passband shall not increase with more than 10 dB at the output of the repeater as measured with 1 MHz measurement bandwidth, compared to the level obtained without interfering signals applied.
The core requirement is applicable for all frequency separation possibilities between the two interfering signals that cause the 3rd order intermodulation product to fall into the whole passband.
Table 7.7.2-1 specifies the parameters for two interfering signals, where:
– f1 offset is the offset from the channel edge frequency of the first or last channel in the passband of the closer carrier.
– GRX_ANT is the gain of the receive side antennas and is calculated from EIRP and TRP declaration.
Table 7.7.2-1: Input intermodulation requirement
|
f1 offset |
Interfering Signal Levels |
Type of signals |
Measurement bandwidth |
|
1 MHz |
-53dBm – G_RX_ANT |
2 CW carriers |
1 MHz |
7.8 OTA Adjacent Channel Rejection Ratio (ACRR)
7.8.1 General
OTA Adjacent Channel Rejection Ratio (ACRR) is the ratio of the average gain over a carrier of the repeater in the passband to the average gain of the repeater over an adjacent channel outside the repeater passband. The requirement shall apply to the uplink and downlink of the Repeater. The bandwidth of the channel inside the passband and the adjacent channel are assumed to be minimum {400MHz, passband BW}.
The requirement is differentiated between downlink and uplink.
The requirement shall apply during the transmitter ON state.
The ACRR is a ratio of gain in the adjacent channel to gain in the wanted channel. The gain in each case is defined as the ratio of TRP output power to directional input power.
7.8.1.1 Minimum Requirements
The requirement shall apply at the RIB when the AoA of the incident wave of a received signal in the passband and a received signal on an adjacent channel outside repeater passband is from the same direction and are the same as the TX reference direction for the opposite DL/UL setting.
For a repeater operating at passband operating in FR2, the ACRR requirements in table 7.8.1.1-1 shall apply in downlink. In normal conditions the ACRR for downlink shall be higher than the value specified in the Table 7.8.1.1-1.
Table 7.8.1.1-1: Repeater Downlink ACRR
|
Co-existence with other systems |
Repeater Class |
Channel offset from frequency edge of passband (MHz) |
ACRR limit |
|
NR |
Wide Area repeater |
minimum {400MHz, passband BW}/2 |
28 (Note 2) 26 (Note 3) |
|
Medium Range repeater |
minimum {400MHz, passband BW}/2 |
28 (Note 2) 26 (Note 3) |
|
|
Local Area repeater |
minimum {400MHz, passband BW}/2 |
28 (Note 1, 2) 26 (Note 1, 3) |
|
|
NOTE 1: This requirement does not applicable if the passband occupies the entire operating band. NOTE 2: Applicable to bands defined within the frequency spectrum range of 24.25 – 33.4 GHz. NOTE 3: Applicable to bands defined within the frequency spectrum range of 37 – 52.6 GHz |
|||
For a repeater operating at passband operating in FR2, the ACRR requirements in table 7.8.1.1-2 shall apply in uplink. In normal conditions the ACRR for uplink shall be higher than the value specified in the Table 7.8.1.1-2.
Table 7.8.1.1-2: Repeater Uplink ACRR
|
Co-existence with other systems |
Repeater Class |
Channel offset from frequency edge of passband (MHz) |
ACRR limit |
|
NR |
Wide Area repeater |
minimum {400MHz, passband BW}/2 |
28 (Note 2) 26 (Note 3) |
|
Local Area repeater |
minimum {400MHz, passband BW}/2 |
17 (Note 1, 2) 16 (Note 1, 3) |
|
|
NOTE 1: This requirement does not applicable if the passband occupies the entire operating band. NOTE 2: Applicable to bands defined within the frequency spectrum range of 24.25 – 33.4 GHz. NOTE 3: Applicable to bands defined within the frequency spectrum range of 37 – 52.6 GHz |
|||
7.9 OTA transmit ON/OFF power
7.9.1 General
OTA transmit ON/OFF power requirements apply only to TDD operation of repeater. The requirements apply to both downlink and uplink of the repeater.
7.9.2 OTA transmitter OFF power
7.9.2.1 General
OTA transmitter OFF power is defined as the mean power measured over 70/N µs filtered with a square filter of bandwidth equal to the passband bandwidth of the repeater (BWpassband ) centred on the assigned channel frequency during the transmitter OFF period. N = SCS/15, where SCS is Sub Carrier Spacing in kHz of the input signal. The OTA transmitter OFF power is defined as TRP.
7.9.2.2 Minimum requirement for repeater type 2-O
The OTA transmitter OFF TRP spectral density for repeater type 2-O shall be less than ‑36 dBm/MHz.
7.9.3 OTA transient period
7.9.3.1 General
The OTA transmitter transient period is the time period during which the transmitter is changing from the transmitter OFF state to the transmitter ON state or vice versa. The transmitter transient period is illustrated in figure 7.9.3.1-1.
Figure 7.9.3.1-1: Example of relations between transmitter ON state, transmitter OFF state and transmitter transient period
This requirement shall be applied at each RIB supporting transmission in the operating band. The beginning and end point of downlink and uplink bursts are referenced to the slot timing at the input.
7.9.3.2 Minimum requirement for repeater type 2-O
For repeater type 2-O, the OTA transmitter transient period shall be shorter than the values listed in the minimum requirement table 7.9.3.2-1.
Table 7.9.3.2-1: Minimum requirement for the OTA transmitter transient period for repeater type 2-O
|
Transition |
Transient period length (µs) |
|
OFF to ON |
3 |
|
ON to OFF |
3 |
Annex A (normative):
Environmental requirements for the Repeater equipment
<Text will be added.>
Annex B (informative):
Change history
|
Change history |
|||||||
|
Date |
TSG # |
TSG Doc. |
CR |
Rev |
Subject/Comment |
Old |
New |
|
2022-03 |
RAN#95e |
RP-220790 |
NR Repeater Radio Transmission and Reception |
1.0.0 |
|||
|
Change history |
|||||||
|
Date |
Meeting |
TDoc |
CR |
Rev |
Cat |
Subject/Comment |
New version |
|
2022-03 |
RAN#95 |
Approved by plenary – Rel-17 spec under change control |
17.0.0 |
||||
|
2022-06 |
RAN#96 |
RP-221681 |
0002 |
1 |
F |
CR to 38.106: TDD off power radiated requirement correction |
17.1.0 |
|
2022-06 |
RAN#96 |
RP-221681 |
0003 |
1 |
F |
CR to 38.106: Corections to definitons, symbols and abbreviations |
17.1.0 |
|
2022-06 |
RAN#96 |
RP-221681 |
0004 |
1 |
F |
CR to 38.106: Output power definitions for NR repeaters |
17.1.0 |
|
2022-06 |
RAN#96 |
RP-221681 |
0006 |
1 |
F |
CR for TS 38.106 R17: clean up of clause 4 |
17.1.0 |
|
2022-06 |
RAN#96 |
RP-221681 |
0007 |
1 |
F |
CR for TS 38.106 R17: clean up of clause 6 |
17.1.0 |
|
2022-06 |
RAN#96 |
RP-221681 |
0008 |
1 |
F |
CR for TS 38.106 R17: clean up of clause 7 |
17.1.0 |
|
2022-06 |
RAN#96 |
RP-221681 |
0009 |
1 |
F |
CR to TS38.106: clarification on the supported operating bands for NR repeater |
17.1.0 |
|
2022-06 |
RAN#96 |
RP-221681 |
0011 |
1 |
F |
CR to TS 38.106 with corrections to repeater core specification |
17.1.0 |
|
2022-06 |
RAN#96 |
RP-221681 |
0012 |
F |
BIG CR to 38.106 maintenance |
17.1.0 |
|
|
2022-09 |
RAN#97 |
RP-222034 |
0013 |
F |
CR to 38.106: NR repeater ACLR requirements |
17.2.0 |
|
|
2022-09 |
RAN#97 |
RP-222034 |
0015 |
1 |
F |
CR to 38.106: NR repeater receiver spurious emissions requirements |
17.2.0 |
|
2022-09 |
RAN#97 |
RP-222034 |
0016 |
F |
CR to 38.106: Removal of unlicensed bands for NR repeaters |
17.2.0 |
|
|
2022-09 |
RAN#97 |
RP-222034 |
0017 |
1 |
F |
CR to 38.106: Correction of LA ACLR requirements |
17.2.0 |
|
2022-09 |
RAN#97 |
RP-222034 |
0018 |
F |
CR to 38.106: Correction of LA ACLR requirements |
17.2.0 |
|
|
2022-09 |
RAN#97 |
RP-222034 |
0019 |
1 |
F |
CR to TS 38.106 with updates and corrections for conductive part |
17.2.0 |
|
2022-09 |
RAN#97 |
RP-222034 |
0020 |
F |
CR to TS 38.106 with updates and corrections for radiated part |
17.2.0 |
|
|
2022-09 |
RAN#97 |
RP-222034 |
0021 |
F |
Big CR for TS 38.106 Maintenance (Rel-17, CAT F) |
17.2.0 |
|