8 Emission
37.1133GPPMulti-Standard Radio (MSR) Base Station (BS) Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC)NR, E-UTRA, UTRA and GSM/EDGERelease 17TS
8.1 Test configurations
This subclause defines the configurations for emission tests as follows:
– the equipment shall be tested under normal test conditions as specified in the functional standards;
– the test configuration shall be as close to normal intended use as possible;
– if the equipment is part of a system, or can be connected to ancillary equipment, then it shall be acceptable to test the equipment while connected to the minimum configuration of ancillary equipment necessary to exercise the ports;
– if the equipment has a large number of ports, then a sufficient number shall be selected to simulate actual operation conditions and to ensure that all the different types of termination are tested;
– the test conditions, test configuration and mode of operation shall be recorded in the test report;
– ports which in normal operation are connected shall be connected to an ancillary equipment or to a representative piece of cable correctly terminated to simulate the input/output characteristics of the ancillary equipment, Radio Frequency (RF) input/output ports shall be correctly terminated;
– ports which are not connected to cables during normal operation, e.g. service connectors, programming connectors, temporary connectors etc. shall not be connected to any cables for the purpose of EMC testing. Where cables have to be connected to these ports, or interconnecting cables have to be extended in length in order to exercise the EUT, precautions shall be taken to ensure that the evaluation of the EUT is not affected by the addition or extension of these cables;
– the test arrangements for transmitter and receiver clauses of the transceiver are described separately for the sake of clarity. However, where possible the test of the transmitter clause and receiver clause of the EUT may be carried out simultaneously to reduce test time.
8.2 Radiated emission from Base Station and ancillary equipment
8.2.1 Radiated emission for Base Stations
This test is applicable to BS, except for BS that are only single-RAT GSM/EDGE capable. This test shall be performed on a representative configuration of the BS.
For BS that are only single-RAT GSM/EDGE capable, the test method and limits in clause 8 of TS 51.021 [10] apply.
8.2.1.1 Definition
This test assesses the ability of BS to limit unwanted emission from the enclosure port.
8.2.1.2 Test method
a) A test site fulfilling the requirements of ITU-R SM. 329 [15] shall be used. The BS shall be placed on a non-conducting support and shall be operated from a power source via a RF filter to avoid radiation from the power leads.
Mean power of any spurious components shall be detected by the test antenna and measuring receiver (e.g. a spectrum analyser). At each frequency at which a component is detected, the BS shall be rotated and the height of the test antenna adjusted to obtain maximum response, and the effective radiated power (e.r.p.) of that component determined by a substitution measurement. The measurement shall be repeated with the test antenna in the orthogonal polarization plane.
NOTE: Effective radiated power (e.r.p.) refers to the radiation of a half wave tuned dipole instead of an isotropic antenna. There is a constant difference of 2,15 dB between e.i.r.p. and e.r.p.
e.r.p. (dBm) e.i.r.p. (dBm) 2,15 Ref: ITU-R SM.329 ANNEX 1 [15].
b) The BS shall transmit with rated power declared by the manufacturer with all transmitters active. Set the BS to transmit a signal as stated in subclause 4.5.
c) The received power shall be measured over the frequency range from 30 MHz to FDL_low – ΔfOBUE and from FDL_high + ΔfOBUE up to 12.75 GHz. The video bandwidth shall be approximately three times the resolution bandwidth. If this video bandwidth is not available on the measuring receiver, it shall be the maximum available and at least 1 MHz. Unless otherwise stated, all measurements are done as mean power (RMS). ΔfOBUE is defined in table 8.2.1.3-2.
8.2.1.3 Limits
The frequency boundary and reference bandwidths for the detailed transitions of the limits between the requirements for out of band emissions and spurious emissions are based on ITU-R Recommendations SM.329 [10] and SM.1539 [23].
The BS shall meet the limits below:
Table 8.2.1.3-1: Limits for radiated emissions from BS
|
Frequency range |
Minimum requirement (e.r.p.)/Reference bandwidth |
|
30 MHz ≤ f <1000 MHz |
-36 dBm/ 100 kHz |
|
1 GHz ≤ f <12.75 GHz |
-30 dBm/ 1MHz |
|
FDL_low – ΔfOBUE < f < FDL_high +ΔfOBUE (NOTE) |
Not defined |
|
NOTE: For BS capable of multi-band operation, the frequency ranges relating to the RF bandwidths of all supported bands apply. |
|
Table 8.2.1.3-2: Maximum offset of OBUE outside the downlink operating band
|
Operating band characteristics |
ΔfOBUE (MHz) |
|
FDL_high – FDL_low ≤ 200 MHz |
10 |
|
200 MHz < FDL_high – FDL_low ≤ 900 MHz |
40 |
8.2.1.4 Interpretation of the measurement results
The interpretation of the results recorded in a test report for the radiated emission measurements described in the present document shall be as follows:
– the measured value related to the corresponding limit will be used to decide whether an equipment meets the requirements of the present document;
– the value of the measurement uncertainty for the measurement of each parameter shall be included in the test report;
– the recorded value of the measurement uncertainty shall be, for each measurement, equal to or lower than the figures in table 8.2.1-4-1 for BS.
Table 8.2.2 specifies the Maximum measurement uncertainty of the Test System. The Test System shall enable the equipment under test to be measured with an uncertainty not exceeding the specified values. All tolerances and uncertainties are absolute values, and are valid for a confidence level of 95 %, unless otherwise stated.
A confidence level of 95% is the measurement uncertainty tolerance interval for a specific measurement that contains 95% of the performance of a population of test equipment.
Table 8.2.1.4-1: Maximum measurement uncertainty (BS)
|
Parameter |
Uncertainty for EUT dimension ≤ 1 m |
Uncertainty for EUT dimension >1 m |
|
Effective radiated RF power between 30 MHz to 180 MHz |
±6 dB |
±6 dB |
|
Effective radiated RF power between 180 MHz to 4 GHz |
±4 dB |
±6 dB |
|
Effective radiated RF power between 4 GHz to 12,75 GHz |
±6 dB |
±9 dB (NOTE) |
|
NOTE: This value may be reduced to ±6 dB when further information on the potential radiation characteristic of the EUT is available. |
||
NOTE: If the Test System for a test is known to have a measurement uncertainty greater than that specified in table 8.2.2, this equipment can still be used, provided that an adjustment is made follows:
Any additional uncertainty in the Test System over and above that specified in table 8.2.1.4-1 is used to tighten the Test Requirements – making the test harder to pass. This procedure will ensure that a Test System not compliant with table 8.2.1.4-1 2 does not increase the probability of passing a EUT that would otherwise have failed a test if a Test System compliant with table 8.2.1.4-1 had been used.
8.2.2 Radiated emission, ancillary equipment
This test is applicable to ancillary equipment. This test shall be performed on a representative configuration of the ancillary equipment.
8.2.2.1 Definition
This test assesses the ability of ancillary equipment to limit unwanted emission from the enclosure port.
8.2.2.2 Test method
The test method shall be in accordance with CISPR 32 [34].
8.2.2.3 Limits
The ancillary equipment shall meet the limits according to CISPR 32 [34] table A.4 and table A.5.
For the referred limit values, the following shall apply:
– Where the limits value varies over a given frequency range, it changes linearly with respect to the logarithm of the frequency.
– Where there is a step in the relevant limit, the lower value shall be applied at the transition frequency.
Table 8.2.2.3-1: Void
Table 8.2.2.3-2: Void
Alternatively, for ancillary equipment intended to be used in telecommunication centres only, the class A limits given in CISPR 32 [34], annex A, table A.2 and table A.3 may be used.
8.3 Conducted emission DC power input/output port
This test is applicable to equipment which may have DC cables longer than 3 m.
If the DC power cable of the radio equipment is intended to be less than 3 m in length and intended only for direct connection to a dedicated AC to DC power supply, then the measurement shall be performed only on the AC power input of that power supply as specified in subclause 8.4.
This test shall be performed on a representative configuration of the radio equipment, the associated ancillary equipment, or representative configuration of the combination of radio and ancillary equipment.
8.3.1 Definition
This test assesses the ability of radio equipment and ancillary equipment to limit internal noise from the DC power input/output ports.
8.3.2 Test method
The test method shall be in accordance with CISPR 32 [34] and the Artificial Mains Network (AMN) shall be connected to a DC power source.
In the case of DC output ports, the ports shall be connected via an AMN to a load drawing the rated current of the source.
A measuring receiver shall be connected to each AMN measurement port in turn and the conducted emission recorded.
The equipment shall be installed with a ground plane as defined in CISPR 32 [34]. The reference earth point of the AMNs shall be connected to the reference ground plane with a conductor as short as possible.
The measurement receiver shall be in accordance with the requirements of CISPR 32 [34].
8.3.3 Limits
The equipment shall meet the limits according to CISPR 32 [11] table A.9, which are defined for average detector receiver and for quasi‑peak detector receiver. If the average limit is met when using a quasi‑peak detector, the equipment shall be deemed to meet both limits and measurement with the average detector receiver is not necessary.
Where there is a step in the referred limit values, the lower value shall be applied at the transition frequency.
Table 8.3.3-1: Void
8.4 Conducted emissions, AC mains power input/output port
This test is applicable to equipment powered by the AC mains.
This test is not applicable to AC output ports which are connected directly (or via a circuit breaker) to the AC power port of the EUT.
This test shall be performed on a representative configuration of the radio equipment, the associated ancillary equipment, or representative configuration of the combination of radio and ancillary equipment.
8.4.1 Definition
This test assesses the ability of radio equipment and ancillary equipment to limit internal noise from the AC mains power input/output ports.
8.4.2 Test method
The test method shall be in accordance with CISPR 32 [34].
8.4.3 Limits
The equipment shall meet the limits according to CISPR 32 [11] table A.10, which are defined the average detector receiver and for quasi-peak detector receiver. If the average limit is met when using a quasi‑peak detector, the equipment shall be deemed to meet both limits and measurement with the average detector receiver is not necessary.
For the referred limit values following shall apply:
– Where the limits value varies over a given frequency range, it changes linearly with respect to the logarithm of the frequency.
– Where there is a step in the relevant limit, the lower value shall be applied at the transition frequency.
Table 8.4.3-1: Void
Alternatively, for equipment intended to be used in telecommunication centres the limits given in CISPR 32 [11] table A.9 shall be used.
Table 8.4.3-2: Void
8.5 Harmonic current emissions (AC mains input port)
The requirements of IEC 61000‑3‑2 [19] for harmonic current emission apply for equipment covered by the scope of the present document. For equipment with an input current of greater than 16 A per phase, IEC 61000-3-12 [20] applies.
8.6 Voltage fluctuations and flicker (AC mains input port)
The requirements of IEC 61000‑3‑3 [21] for voltage fluctuations and flicker apply for equipment covered by the scope of the present document. For equipment with an input current of greater than 16 A per phase, IEC 61000-3-12 [20] applies.
8.7 Telecommunication ports
This test is applicable for radio equipment and/or ancillary equipment for fixed use which have telecommunication ports.
This test shall be performed on a representative configuration of radio equipment, the associated ancillary equipment, or a representative configuration of the combination of radio and ancillary equipment.
8.7.1 Definition
This test assesses the EUT unwanted emission present at the telecommunication ports.
8.7.2 Test method
The test method shall be in accordance with CISPR 32 [34].
The measurement frequency range extends from 150 kHz to 30 MHz.
8.7.3 Limits
The telecommunication ports shall meet the limits according to CISPR 32 [34] table A.12, clause A12.2.
For the referred limit values, following shall apply:
– Where the limits value varies over a given frequency range, it changes linearly with respect to the logarithm of the frequency.
– Where there is a step in the relevant limit, the lower value shall be applied at the transition frequency.
Table 8.7.3-1: Void
Alternatively, for equipment intended to be used in telecommunication centres only, the limits given in CISPR 32 [11] table A.11 clause A11.2 shall be used.
Table 8.7.3-2: Void