4 Overview on V2X (informative)

22.1853GPPRelease 17Service requirements for V2X servicesTS

4.1 Types of V2X application support in 3GPP

4.1.1 General

The V2X applications in the present specification, referred to as Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X), contain the following four different types:

– Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V)

– Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2I)

– Vehicle-to-Network (V2N)

– Vehicle-to-Pedestrian (V2P)

Figure 4.1.1-1: Types of V2X applications (V2V, V2P, V2N and V2I)

These four types of V2X applications can use “co-operative awareness” to provide more intelligent services for end-users. This means that entities, such as vehicles, roadside infrastructure, application server and pedestrians, can collect knowledge of their local environment (e.g., information received from other vehicles or sensor equipment in proximity) to process and share that knowledge in order to provide more intelligent services, such as cooperative collision warning or autonomous driving.

These intelligent transportation services and the associated message sets have been defined in automotive SDOs outside 3GPP. Three basic classes of applications for providing ITS services: road safety, traffic efficiency, and other applications can be found in e.g., [3].

3GPP only handles the transport of these messages to support different types of V2X applications. The message transport expectations are described in requirements defined in this specification.

4.1.2 Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) application

V2V applications expect UEs that are in proximity of each other to exchange V2V application information. 3GPP transport of messages containing V2V application information requires the UE to have a valid subscription and authorization from a network operator. Transport for a valid subscriber is provided whether the UE is served or not served by E-UTRAN.

The UE supporting V2V applications transmits messages containing V2V application information (e.g. location, dynamics, and attributes). The message payloads may be flexible in order to accommodate varying amount of information.

3GPP transport of message containing V2V application information is predominantly broadcast-based as illustrated in Figure 4.1-2. Such 3GPP transport includes the transport between UEs directly and/or, due to the limited direct communication range, the transport between UEs via infrastructure supporting V2X communication, e.g., RSU, application server, etc.

Figure 4.1.2-1: Broadcast-based V2V communications

4.1.3 Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2I) application

The UE supporting V2I applications transmits messages containing V2I application information to an RSU or locally relevant application server. The RSU and/or the locally relevant application server transmit messages containing V2I application information to one or more UEs supporting V2I applications.

A locally relevant application server serves a particular geographic area. There can be multiple application servers serving overlapping areas, providing the same or different applications.

4.1.4 Vehicle-to-Network (V2N) application

The UE supporting V2N applications communicates with an application server supporting V2N applications. Both parties communicate with each other via EPS.

4.1.5 Vehicle-to-Pedestrian (V2P) application

V2P applications expect UEs that are in proximity of each other to exchange V2P application information. 3GPP transport of messages containing V2P application information requires the UE to have a valid subscription and authorization from a network operator. Transport for a valid subscriber is provided whether the UE is served or not served by E-UTRAN.

The UE supporting V2P applications transmits messages containing V2P application information. It is expected that V2P application information can be transmitted either by a UE supporting V2X application in a vehicle (e.g., warning to pedestrian), or by a UE supporting V2X application associated with a vulnerable road user (e.g., warning to vehicle).

3GPP transport of messages containing V2P application information includes the transport between UEs directly and/or, due to the limited direct communication range, the transport between UEs via infrastructure supporting V2X communication, e.g., RSU, application server, etc.

NOTE: The main difference between 3GPP transport of messages with V2P and V2V application information is due to the properties of the UE. A UE supporting V2P applications used by pedestrian might, for example, have lower battery capacity, the radio sensitivity might be limited, e.g. due to antenna design, and therefore it may not be able to send messages with the same periodicity as UEs supporting V2V application, and/or receive messages.

4.2 Relative priority of V2X communication

Subject to regional/national regulatory requirements and operator policies, certain mission critical services (e.g. Public Safety, MPS) can be relatively prioritized over transport of V2X application information. Transport of safety-related V2X application information can be prioritized over transport of non-safety-related V2X application information.

However, in general, it is expected that operator can control relative priorities of different services.