8.4 Barometric pressure sensor positioning

38.3053GPPNG Radio Access Network (NG-RAN)Release 17Stage 2 functional specification of User Equipment (UE) positioning in NG-RANTS

Tools: ARFCN - Frequency Conversion for 5G NR/LTE/UMTS/GSM

8.4.1 General

In the barometric pressure sensor positioning method, the UE vertical component of the position is estimated by combining the measured atmospheric pressure and a reference atmospheric pressure. This is accomplished through barometric sensors measuring atmospheric pressure at the UE, and applying a height determination algorithm using the reference atmospheric pressure.

Three positioning modes are supported:

– UE-Assisted: The UE performs barometric pressure sensor measurements with or without assistance from the network and sends these measurements to the LMF where the vertical component of the position calculation may take place, possibly using additional measurements from other sources;

– UE-Based: The UE performs barometric pressure sensor measurements and calculates its own vertical component of the position, possibly using additional measurements from other sources.

– Standalone: The UE performs barometric pressure sensor measurements and calculates its own vertical component of the position, possibly using additional measurements from other sources, without network assistance.

8.4.2 Information to be transferred between NG-RAN/5GC Elements

This clause defines the information that may be transferred between LMF and UE.

8.4.2.1 Information that may be transferred from the LMF to UE

Table 8.4.2.1-1 lists assistance data for both UE-assisted and UE-based modes that may be sent from the LMF to the UE.

NOTE: The provision of these assistance data elements and the usage of these elements by the UE depend on the NG-RAN/5GC and UE capabilities, respectively.

Table 8.4.2.1-1: Information that may be transferred from the LMF to UE

Assistance Data

Reference pressure

Additional reference data

8.4.2.1.1 Barometric pressure sensor assistance data

The barometric pressure sensor assistance data may include reference pressure, along with other reference data, such as the reference point where the reference barometric pressure is valid and reference temperature at the reference point.

8.4.2.2 Information that may be transferred from the UE to LMF

The information that may be signalled from the UE to the LMF is summarized in Table 8.4.2.2-1.

Table 8.4.2.2-1: Information that may be transferred from UE to the LMF

Information	UE‑assisted	UE-based/ Standalone
UE position estimate with uncertainty shape	No	Yes
Indication of used positioning methods in the fix	No	Yes
Timestamp	Yes	Yes
Barometric pressure sensor measurements	Yes	No

8.4.2.2.1 Standalone mode

In Standalone mode, the UE reports the vertical component of the position, together with an estimate of the location uncertainty, if available.

The UE should also report an indication of which positioning method(s) have been used to calculate a fix.

8.4.2.2.2 UE-assisted mode

In UE-assisted mode, the UE reports the barometric pressure sensor measurements together with associated quality estimates. These measurements enable the LMF to calculate the vertical component of the location of the UE, possibly using other measurements and data.

If requested by the LMF and supported by the UE, the UE may report barometric pressure sensor measurements together with associated quality measurements, if available.

8.4.2.2.3 UE-based mode

In UE-based mode, the UE reports the vertical component of the position, together with an estimate of the location uncertainty, if available.

The UE should also report an indication of which positioning method(s) have been used to calculate a fix.

8.4.3 Barometric Pressure Sensor Positioning Procedures

8.4.3.1 Capability Transfer Procedure

The Capability Transfer procedure for Barometric Pressure Sensor positioning is described in clause 7.1.2.1.

8.4.3.2 Assistance Data Transfer Procedure

The purpose of this procedure is to enable the LMF to provide assistance data to the UE (e.g., as part of a positioning procedure) and the UE to request assistance data from the LMF (e.g., as part of a positioning procedure).

8.4.3.2.1 LMF initiated Assistance Data Delivery

Figure 8.4.3.2.1-1 shows the Assistance Data Delivery operations for the network-assisted barometric pressure sensor method when the procedure is initiated by the LMF.

Figure 8.4.3.2.1-1: LMF-initiated Assistance Data Delivery Procedure

(1) The LMF determines that assistance data needs to be provided to the UE (e.g., as part of a positioning procedure) and sends an LPP Provide Assistance Data message to the UE. This message may include any of the barometric pressure sensor assistance data defined in clause 8.4.2.1.

8.4.3.2.2 UE initiated Assistance Data Transfer

Figure 8.4.3.2.2-1 shows the Assistance Data Transfer operations for the network-assisted Barometric pressure sensor method when the procedure is initiated by the UE.

Figure 8.4.3.2.2-1: UE-initiated Assistance Data Transfer Procedure

(1) The UE determines that certain barometric pressure sensor assistance data is desired (e.g., as part of a positioning procedure when the LMF provided assistance data are not sufficient for the UE to fulfil the request) and sends a LPP Request Assistance Data message to the LMF. This request includes an indication of which specific barometric pressure sensor assistance data is requested.

(2) The LMF provides the requested assistance data in a LPP Provide Assistance Data message, if available at the LMF. The entire set of assistance data may be delivered in one or several LPP messages. In this case, this step may be repeated by the LMF several times. If any of the UE requested assistance data in step (1) are not provided in step 2, the UE shall assume that the requested assistance data are not supported, or currently not available at the LMF. If none of the UE requested assistance data in step (1) can be provided by the LMF, return any information that can be provided in an LPP message of type Provide Assistance Data which includes a cause indication for the not provided assistance data.

8.4.3.3 Location Information Transfer Procedure

The purpose of this procedure is to enable the LMF to request barometric pressure sensor measurements or position estimate from the UE, or to enable the UE to provide barometric pressure sensor measurements to the LMF for position calculation.

8.4.3.3.1 LMF initiated Location Information Transfer Procedure

Figure 8.4.3.3.1-1 shows the Location Information Transfer operations when the procedure is initiated by the LMF.

Figure 8.4.3.3.1-1: LMF-initiated Location Information Transfer Procedure

(1) The LMF sends a LPP Request Location Information message to the UE for invocation of barometric pressure sensor positioning. This request includes positioning instructions such as the positioning mode (UE-assisted, UE-based, standalone), specific requested UE measurements if any, and quality of service parameters (accuracy, response time).

(2) The UE performs the requested measurements and possibly calculates its own position. The UE sends an LPP Provide Location Information message to the LMF before the Response Time provided in step (1) elapsed. If the UE is unable to perform the requested measurements, or if the Response Time provided in step 1 elapsed before any of the requested measurements have been obtained, the UE returns any information that can be provided in an LPP message of type Provide Location Information which includes a cause indication for the not provided location information.

8.4.3.3.2 UE-initiated Location Information Delivery Procedure

Figure 8.4.3.3.2-1 shows the Location Information delivery operations for the barometric pressure sensor method when the procedure is initiated by the UE.

Figure 8.4.3.3.2-1: UE-initiated Location Information Delivery Procedure

(1) The UE sends an LPP Provide Location Information message to the LMF. The Provide Location Information message may include UE barometric pressure sensor measurements or location estimate already available at the UE.