4.1 Measurement uncertainties and test requirements

38.176-23GPPIntegrated Access and Backhaul (IAB) conformance testingNRPart 2: radiated conformance testingRelease 17TS

Tools: ARFCN - Frequency Conversion for 5G NR/LTE/UMTS/GSM

4.1.1 General

The requirements of this clause apply to all applicable tests in TS 38.176-2 (the present document), i.e. to all radiated tests defined in FR1 for IAB type 1-H, IAB type 1-O and radiated tests defined in FR2 for IAB type 2-O. The frequency ranges FR1 and FR2 are defined in clause 5.1 of TS 38.174 [2].

The minimum requirements are given in TS 38.174 [2]. Test Tolerances for the radiated test requirements (TT_OTA) explicitly stated in the present document are given in annex C.

Test Tolerances are individually calculated for each test. Test Tolerances are used to relax the minimum requirements to create test requirements.

When a test requirement differs from the corresponding minimum requirement, then the Test Tolerance applied for the test is non-zero. The Test Tolerance for the test and the explanation of how the minimum requirement has been relaxed by the Test Tolerance are given in annex C.

The requirements are classified according to spatial characteristics as shown in table 4.1.1-1 and table 4.1.1-2.

Table 4.1.1-1: Overview of radiated Tx requirements

Tx requirement		Classification	Coverage range		Number of
			FR1	FR2	conformance directions
Radiated transmit power		Directional	OTA peak directions set	OTA peak directions set	5
OTA IAB output power		TRP	See annex I
OTA output power dynamics		Directional	OTA peak directions set	OTA peak directions set	1
OTA transmitter OFF power		Co-location	See clause 4.12	N/A	See clause 4.12
		Directional	N/A	OTA peak directions set (Note 2)	1
OTA transient period		Co-location	See clause 4.12	N/A	See clause 4.12
		Directional	N/A	OTA peak directions set (Note 2)	1
OTA modulation quality		Directional	OTA coverage range	OTA coverage range	5
OTA frequency error		Directional	OTA coverage range	OTA coverage range	1
OTA time alignment error		Directional	OTA coverage range	OTA coverage range	1
OTA occupied bandwidth		Directional	OTA coverage range	OTA coverage range	1
OTA ACLR		TRP	N/A	N/A	See annex I
OTA operating band unwanted emission		TRP	N/A	N/A	See annex I
OTA transmitter spurious emission	General requirement	TRP	N/A	N/A	See annex I
	Additional spurious emissions	TRP	N/A	N/A	See annex I
	Co-location with other base stations	Co-location	See clause 4.12	N/A	See clause 4.12
OTA transmitter intermodulation		Co-location	See clause 4.12	N/A	See clause 4.12
NOTE 1: Directional requirement does not imply one compliance direction only. The directional requirement applies to a single direction at a time. NOTE 2: For FR2, RF Core requirements are defined on TRP levels. Conformance requirements are verified by EIRP measurements in the reference direction.

Table 4.1.1-2: Overview of radiated Rx requirements

Rx requirement		Classification	Applicability levels		Coverage range		Number of
			FR1	FR2	FR1	FR2	conformance directions
OTA sensitivity		Directional	Minimum EIS	N/A	OSDD	N/A	5
OTA reference sensitivity		Directional	OTA REFSENS	OTA REFSENS	OTA REFSENS RoAoA		5
OTA Dynamic range		Directional	OTA REFSENS	N/A	OTA REFSENS RoAoA	N/A	1
OTA adjacent channel selectivity		Directional	minSENS	OTA REFSENS	minSENS RoAoA	OTA REFSENS RoAoA	1
OTA in-band blocking		Directional	OTA REFSENS and minSENS	OTA REFSENS	OTA REFSENS RoAoA and minSENS RoAoA	OTA REFSENS RoAoA	5
OTA out-of-band blocking	General requirement	Directional	minSENS	OTA REFSENS	minSENS RoAoA	OTA REFSENS RoAoA	1
	Co-location with other base stations	Co-location (Note 2)	minSENS	N/A	minSENS RoAoA	N/A	1
OTA receiver spurious emissions		TRP	See clause 7.7	See clause 7.7	N/A	N/A	See annex I
OTA receiver intermodulation		Directional	OTA REFSENS and minSENS	OTA REFSENS	OTA REFSENS RoAoA and minSENS RoAoA	OTA REFSENS RoAoA	1
OTA in-channel selectivity		Directional	minSENS	OTA REFSENS	minSENS RoAoA	OTA REFSENS RoAoA	1
NOTE 1: Directional requirement does not imply one compliance direction only. The directional requirement applies to a single direction at a time. NOTE 2: The compliance direction for co-location blocking is applicable for the wanted signal only but not the interfering signal.

4.1.2 Acceptable uncertainty of OTA Test System

4.1.2.1 General

The maximum acceptable uncertainty of the OTA Test System is specified below for each radiated test defined explicitly in the present specification, where appropriate.

The OTA Test System shall enable the stimulus signals in the test case to be adjusted to within the specified tolerance and the EUT to be measured with an uncertainty not exceeding the specified values. All tolerances and uncertainties are absolute values, and are valid for a confidence level of 95 %, unless otherwise stated.

A confidence level of 95% is the measurement uncertainty tolerance interval for a specific measurement that contains 95% of the performance of a population of test equipment.

For details on measurement uncertainty budget calculation, OTA measurement methodology description (including calibration and measurement stage for each test range), MU budget format and its contributions, refer to TR 37.941 [25].

4.1.2.2 Measurement of transmitter

The maximum OTA Test System uncertainty for OTA transmitter tests minimum requirements are given in tables 4.1.2.2-1 and 4.1.2.2-2. Details for derivation of OTA Test System uncertainty are given in corresponding clauses in TR 37.941 [25].

Table 4.1.2.2-1: Maximum OTA Test System uncertainty for FR1 OTA transmitter tests

Clause	Maximum OTA Test System uncertainty
6.2 Radiated transmit power	Normal condition: ±1.1 dB, f ≤ 3 GHz ±1.3 dB, 3 GHz < f ≤ 6 GHz
	Extreme condition: ±2.5 dB, f ≤ 3 GHz ±2.6 dB, 3 GHz < f ≤ 6 GHz
6.3 OTA IAB output power	±1.4 dB, f ≤ 3.0 GHz ±1.5 dB, 3.0 GHz < f ≤ 4.2 GHz ±1.5 dB, 4.2 GHz < f ≤ 6.0 GHz
6.4.1 IAB-DU OTA Output Power Dynamics	±0.4 dB
6.4.2 IAB-MT OTA Output Power Dynamics	±0.7 dB, BW ≤ 40MHz ±1.0 dB, 40MHz < f ≤ 100MHz
6.5.1 OTA transmitter OFF power	±3.4 dB, f ≤ 3.0 GHz ±3.6 dB, 3.0 GHz < f ≤ 6 GHz (Note 1)
6.5.2 OTA transmitter transient period	N/A
6.6.2.1 IAB-DU OTA Frequency error	±12 Hz
6.6.2.2 OTA IAB-MT Frequency error	±15 Hz, f ≤ 3.0GHz ±36 Hz, f > 3.0GHz
6.6.3 OTA modulation quality	±1 %
6.6.4 OTA time alignment error	±25 ns
6.6.5 OTA timing error between IAB-DU and IAB-MT	[± 25 ns]
6.7.2 OTA occupied bandwidth	±100 kHz, BW_Channel5 MHz, 10 MHz ±300 kHz, BW_Channel15 MHz, 20 MHz, 25 MHz, 30 MHz, 40 MHz, 50 MHz ±600 kHz, BW_Channel60 MHz, 70 MHz, 80 MHz, 90 MHz, 100 MHz
6.7.3 OTA ACLR/CACLR	f ≤ 3.0 GHz ±1 dB, BW ≤ 20MHz ±1 dB, BW > 20MHz 3.0 GHz < f ≤ 6.0 GHz ±1.2 dB, BW ≤ 20MHz ±1.2 dB, BW > 20MHz Absolute power ±2.2 dB, f ≤ 3.0 GHz Absolute power ±2.7 dB, 3.0 GHz < f ≤ 4.2 GHz Absolute power ±2.7 dB, 4.2 GHz < f ≤ 6.0 GHz
6.7.4 OTA operating band unwanted emissions	Absolute power ±1.8 dB, f ≤ 3.0 GHz Absolute power ±2 dB, 3.0 GHz < f ≤ 4.2 GHz Absolute power ±2 dB, 4.2 GHz < f ≤ 6.0 GHz
6.7.5.2 OTA transmitter spurious emissions, mandatory requirements	±2.3 dB, 30 MHz < f ≤ 6 GHz ±4.2 dB, 6 GHz < f ≤ 26 GHz
6.7.5.4 OTA transmitter spurious emissions, additional spurious emissions requirements	±2.6 dB, f ≤ 3 GHz ±3.0, 3 GHz < f ≤ 4.2 GHz ±3.5, 4.2 GHz < f ≤ 6 GHz
6.7.5.5 OTA transmitter spurious emissions, co-location	±3.1 dB, f ≤ 3 GHz ±3.3 dB, 3 GHz < f ≤ 4.2 GHz ±3.4, 4.2 GHz < f ≤ 6 GHz (Note 1)
6.8 OTA transmitter intermodulation	The value below applies only to the interfering signal and is unrelated to the measurement uncertainty of the tests in 6.7.3 (ACLR), 6.7.4 (OBUE) and 6.7.5 (spurious emissions) which have to be carried out in the presence of the interferer. ±3.2 dB, f ≤ 3.0 GHz ±3.4 dB, 3.0 GHz < f ≤ 4.2 GHz ±3.5 dB, 4.2 GHz < f ≤ 6 GHz (Note 1)
NOTE 1: Fulfilling the criteria for CLTA selection and placement in clause 4.12 is deemed sufficient for the test purposes. When these criteria are met, the measurement uncertainty related to the selection of the co-location test antenna and its alignment as specified in the appropriate measurement uncertainty budget in TR 37.941 [25] shall be used for evaluating the test system uncertainty. NOTE 2: Test system uncertainty values are applicable for normal condition unless otherwise stated.

Table 4.1.2.2-2: Maximum OTA Test System uncertainty for FR2 OTA transmitter tests

Clause	Maximum OTA Test System uncertainty
Clause	IAB-DU	IAB-MT
6.2 Radiated transmit power	Normal condition: ±1.7 dB (24.25 – 29.5 GHz) ±2.0 dB (37 – 43.5 GHz)	Normal condition: ±2.6 dB (24.25 – 29.5 GHz) ±2.6 dB (37 – 43.5 GHz)
	Extreme condition: ±3.1 dB (24.25 – 29.5 GHz) ±3.3 dB (37 – 43.5 GHz)	Extreme condition: ±3.7 dB (24.25 – 29.5 GHz) ±3.7 dB (37 – 43.5 GHz)
6.3 OTA base station output power	±2.1 dB (24.25 – 29.5 GHz) ±2.4 dB (37 – 43.5 GHz)	±2.8 dB (24.25 – 29.5 GHz) ±2.9 dB (37 – 43.5 GHz)
6.4.1 IAB-DU OTA Output Power Dynamics	±0.4 dB	N/A
6.4.2 IAB-MT OTA Output Power Dynamics	N/A	±0.7 dB, BW ≤ 40MHz ±1.0 dB, 40MHz < f ≤ 100MHz
6.5.1 OTA transmitter OFF power	±2.9 dB (24.25 – 29.5 GHz) ±3.3 dB (37 – 43.5 GHz)
6.5.2 OTA transmitter transient period	N/A
6.6.2 OTA frequency error	±12 Hz	± 0.01 ppm
6.6.3 OTA modulation quality	1%
6.6.4 OTA time alignment error	±25 ns
6.6.5 OTA timing error between IAB-DU and IAB-MT	[± 25 ns]
6.7.2 OTA occupied bandwidth	600 kHz
6.7.3 OTA ACLR	Relative ACLR: ±2.3 dB (24.25 – 29.5 GHz) ±2.6 dB (37 – 43.5 GHz) Absolute ACLR: ±2.7 dB (24.25 – 29.5 GHz) ±2.7 dB (37 – 43.5 GHz)	Relative ACLR: ±2.8 dB (24.25 – 29.5 GHz) ±2.9 dB (37 – 43.5 GHz) Absolute ACLR: ±2.9 dB (24.25 – 29.5 GHz) ±3.0 dB (37 – 43.5 GHz)
6.7.4 OTA operating band unwanted emissions	±2.7 dB (24.25 – 29.5 GHz) ±2.7 dB (37 – 43.5 GHz)	±2.9 dB (24.25 – 29.5 GHz) ±3.0 dB (37 – 43.5 GHz)
6.7.5.2 OTA transmitter spurious emissions, mandatory requirements	±2.3 dB, 30 MHz ≤ f ≤ 6 GHz ±2.7 dB, 6 GHz < f ≤ 40 GHz ±5.0 dB, 40 GHz < f ≤ 60 GHz	±2.3 dB, 30 MHz ≤ f ≤ 6 GHz ±2.9 dB, 6 GHz < f ≤ 40 GHz ±5.2 dB, 40 GHz < f ≤ 60 GHz
6.7.5.4 OTA transmitter spurious emissions, additional requirements	±2.3 dB, 30 MHz ≤ f ≤ 6 GHz ±2.7 dB, 6 GHz < f ≤ 40 GHz ±5.0 dB, 40 GHz < f ≤ 60 GHz	±2.3 dB, 30 MHz ≤ f ≤ 6 GHz ±2.9 dB, 6 GHz < f ≤ 40 GHz ±5.2 dB, 40 GHz < f ≤ 60 GHz
Note: Test system uncertainty values are applicable for normal condition unless otherwise stated.

4.1.2.3 Measurement of receiver

The maximum OTA Test System uncertainty for OTA receiver tests minimum requirements are given in tables 4.1.2.3-1 and 4.1.2.3-2. Details for derivation of OTA Test System uncertainty are given in corresponding clauses in TR 37.941 [25].

Table 4.1.2.3-1: Maximum OTA Test System uncertainty for FR1 OTA receiver tests

Clause	Maximum OTA Test System uncertainty
7.2 OTA sensitivity	±1.3 dB, f ≤ 3.0 GHz ±1.4 dB, 3.0 GHz < f ≤ 4.2 GHz ±1.6 dB, 4.2 GHz < f ≤ 6.0 GHz
7.3 OTA reference sensitivity level	±1.3 dB, f ≤ 3.0 GHz ±1.4 dB, 3.0 GHz < f ≤ 4.2 GHz ±1.6 dB, 4.2 GHz < f ≤ 6.0 GHz
7.4 OTA dynamic range	±0.3 dB
7.5.1 OTA adjacent channel selectivity	±1.7 dB, f ≤ 3.0 GHz ±2.1 dB, 3.0 GHz < f ≤ 4.2 GHz ±2.4 dB, 4.2 GHz < f ≤ 6.0 GHz
7.5.2 In-band blocking (General)	±1.9 dB, f ≤ 3.0 GHz ±2.2 dB, 3.0 GHz < f ≤ 4.2 GHz ±2.5 dB, 4.2 GHz < f ≤ 6.0 GHz
7.5.2 In-band blocking (Narrowband)	±1.7 dB, f ≤ 3.0 GHz ±2.1 dB, 3.0 GHz < f ≤ 4.2 GHz ±2.4 dB, 4.2 GHz < f ≤ 6.0 GHz
7.6 OTA out-of-band blocking (General)	f_wanted ≤ 3.0 GHz: ±2.0 dB, f_interferer ≤ 3.0 GHz ±2.1 dB, 3.0 GHz < f_interferer ≤ 6.0 GHz ±3.5 dB, 6.0 GHz < f_interferer ≤ 12.75 GHz 3 GHz < f_wanted ≤ 4.2 GHz: ±2.0 dB, f_interferer ≤ 3.0 GHz ±2.1 dB, 3.0 GHz < f_interferer ≤ 6.0 GHz ±3.6 dB, 6.0 GHz < f_interferer ≤ 12.75 GHz 4.2 GHz < f_wanted ≤ 6.0 GHz: ±2.2 dB, f_interferer ≤ 3.0 GHz ±2.3 dB, 3.0 GHz < f_interferer ≤ 6.0 GHz ±3.6 dB, 6.0 GHz < f_interferer ≤ 12.75 GHz
7.6 OTA out-of-band blocking (Co-location) (Note 1)	f_wanted ≤ 3.0 GHz: ±3.4 dB, f_interferer ≤ 3.0 GHz ±3.5 dB, 3.0 GHz < f_interferer ≤ 4.2 GHz ±3.7 dB, 4.2 GHz < finterferer ≤ 6.0 GHz 3 GHz < f_wanted ≤ 4.2 GHz: ±3.5 dB, f_interferer ≤ 3.0 GHz ±3.6 dB, 3.0 GHz < f_interferer ≤ 4.2 GHz ±3.7 dB, 4.2 GHz < f_interferer ≤ 6.0 GHz 4.2 GHz < f_wanted ≤ 6.0 GHz: ±3.6 dB, f_interferer ≤ 3.0 GHz ±3.7 dB, 3.0 GHz < f_interferer ≤ 4.2 GHz ±3.8 dB, 4.2 GHz < f_interferer ≤ 6.0 GHz
7.7 OTA receiver spurious emissions	±2.5 dB, 30 MHz ≤ f ≤ 6.0 GHz ±4.2 dB, 6.0 GHz < f ≤ 26 GHz
7.8 OTA receiver intermodulation	±2.0 dB, f ≤ 3.0 GHz ±2.6 dB, 3.0 GHz < f ≤ 4.2 GHz ±3.2 dB, 4.2 GHz < f ≤ 6.0 GHz
7.9 OTA in-channel selectivity	±1.7 dB, f ≤ 3.0 GHz ±2.1 dB, 3.0 GHz < f ≤ 4.2 GHz ±2.4 dB, 4.2 GHz < f ≤ 6.0 GHz
NOTE 1: Fulfilling the criteria for CLTA selection and placement in clause 4.12 is deemed sufficient for the test purposes. When these criteria are met, the measurement uncertainty related to the selection of the co-location test antenna and its alignment as specified in the appropriate measurement uncertainty budget in TR 37.941 [25], shall be used for evaluating the test system uncertainty. NOTE 2: Test system uncertainty values are applicable for normal condition unless otherwise stated.

Table 4.1.2.3-2: Maximum OTA Test System uncertainty for FR2 OTA receiver tests

Clause	Maximum OTA Test System uncertainty
Clause	IAB-DU	IAB-MT
7.3 OTA reference sensitivity level	±2.4 dB, 24.25 GHz < f ≤ 29.5 GHz ±2.4 dB, 37 GHz < f ≤ 43.5 GHz	±3.3 dB, 24.25 GHz < f ≤ 29.5 GHz ±3.3 dB, 37 GHz < f ≤ 43.5 GHz
7.5.1 OTA adjacent channel selectivity	±3.4 dB, 24.25 GHz < f ≤ 29.5 GHz ±3.4 dB, 37 GHz < f ≤ 43.5 GHz	±4.2 dB, 24.25 GHz < f ≤ 29.5 GHz ±4.2 dB, 37 GHz < f ≤ 43.5 GHz
7.5.2 In-band blocking (General)	±3.4 dB, 24.25 GHz < f ≤ 29.5 GHz ±3.4 dB, 37 GHz < f ≤ 43.5 GHz	±4.2 dB, 24.25 GHz < f ≤ 29.5 GHz ±4.2 dB, 37 GHz < f ≤ 43.5 GHz
7.6 OTA out-of-band blocking	±3.6 dB, 24.25 GHz < f ≤ 29.5 GHz ±3.6 dB, 37 GHz < f ≤ 43.5 GHz	±4.4 dB, 24.25 GHz < f ≤ 29.5 GHz ±4.4 dB, 37 GHz < f ≤ 43.5 GHz
7.7 OTA receiver spurious emissions	±2.5 dB, 30 MHz ≤ f ≤ 6 GHz ±2.7 dB, 6 GHz < f ≤ 40 GHz ±5.0 dB, 40 GHz < f ≤ 60 GHz	± 2.5 dB, 30 MHz ≤ f ≤ 6 GHz ±2.9 dB, 6 GHz < f ≤ 40 GHz ±5.2 dB, 40 GHz < f ≤ 60 GHz
7.8 OTA receiver intermodulation	±3.9 dB, 24.25 GHz < f ≤ 29.5 GHz ±3.9 dB, 37 GHz < f ≤ 43.5 GHz	N/A
7.9 OTA in-channel selectivity	±3.4 dB, 24.25 GHz < f ≤ 29.5 GHz ±3.4 dB, 37 GHz < f ≤ 43.5 GHz	N/A
NOTE: Test system uncertainty values are applicable for normal condition unless otherwise stated.

4.1.2.4 Measurement of performance requirement

Texts will be added.

4.1.3 Interpretation of measurement results

The measurement results returned by the OTA Test System are compared – without any modification – against the test requirements as defined by the Shared Risk principle in Recommendation ITU-R M.1545 [12].

The actual measurement uncertainty of the OTA Test System for the measurement of each parameter shall be included in the test report.

The recorded value for the OTA Test System uncertainty shall be, for each OTA measurement, equal to or lower than the appropriate figure in clause 4.1.2 of the present document.

If the OTA Test System for an OTA test is known to have a measurement uncertainty greater than that specified in clause 4.1.2, it is still permitted to use this apparatus provided that an adjustment is made as follows:

Any additional uncertainty in the OTA Test System over and above that specified in clause 4.1.2 shall be used to tighten the OTA test requirement, making the test harder to pass. For some tests e.g. receiver tests, this may require modification of stimulus signals. This procedure will ensure that an OTA Test System not compliant with clause 4.1.2 does not increase the chance of passing a EUT where that device would otherwise have failed the test if an OTA Test System compliant with clause 4.1.2 had been used.