3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations

36.1083GPPEvolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA)Release 18Satellite Access Node radio transmission and receptionTS

Tools: ARFCN - Frequency Conversion for 5G NR/LTE/UMTS/GSM

3.1 Definitions

For the purposes of the present document, the terms given in 3GPP TR 21.905 [1] and the following apply. A term defined in the present document takes precedence over the definition of the same term, if any, in 3GPP TR 21.905 [1].

SAN RF Bandwidth: RF bandwidth in which a SAN transmits and/or receives single or multiple carrier(s) within a supported operating band.

NOTE: In single carrier operation, the SAN RF Bandwidth is equal to the SAN channel bandwidth.

SAN RF Bandwidth edge: frequency of one of the edges of the SAN RF Bandwidth.

basic limit: emissions limit relating to the power supplied by a single transmitter to a single antenna transmission line in ITU-R SM.329 [2] used for the formulation of unwanted emission requirements for FR1.

beam: beam (of the antenna) is the main lobe of the radiation pattern of an antenna array.

NOTE: For certain antenna array, there may be more than one beam.

beam centre direction: direction equal to the geometric centre of the half-power contour of the beam.

beam direction pair: data set consisting of the beam centre direction and the related beam peak direction.

beam peak direction: direction where the maximum EIRP is found.

beamwidth: beam which has a half-power contour that is essentially elliptical, the half-power beamwidths in the two pattern cuts that respectively contain the major and minor axis of the ellipse.

SAN channel bandwidth: RF bandwidth supporting a single E-UTRA RF carrier with the transmission bandwidth configured in the uplink or downlink.

NOTE 1: The SAN channel bandwidth is measured in MHz and is used as a reference for transmitter and receiver RF requirements.

NOTE 2: It is possible for the SAN to transmit to and/or receive from one or more satellite UE bandwidth parts that are smaller than or equal to the SAN transmission bandwidth configuration, in any part of the SAN transmission bandwidth configuration.

SAN transmission bandwidth configuration: set of resource blocks located within the SAN channel bandwidth which may be used for transmitting or receiving by the SAN.

Satellite Access Node (SAN): node providing E-UTRA user plane and control plane protocol terminations towards NTN Satellite capable UE, and connected via the NG interface to the 5GC. It encompass a transparent NTN payload on board a NTN platform, a gateway and gNB functions.

Channel edge: lowest or highest frequency of the E-UTRA carrier, separated by the SAN channel bandwidth.

directional requirement: requirement which is applied in a specific direction within the OTA coverage range for the Tx and when the AoA of the incident wave of a received signal is within the OTA REFSENS RoAoA or the minSENS RoAoA as appropriate for the receiver.

equivalent isotropic radiated power: equivalent power radiated from an isotropic directivity device producing the same field intensity at a point of observation as the field intensity radiated in the direction of the same point of observation by the discussed device.

NOTE: Isotropic directivity is equal in all directions (i.e. 0 dBi).

equivalent isotropic sensitivity: sensitivity for an isotropic directivity device equivalent to the sensitivity of the discussed device exposed to an incoming wave from a defined AoA.

NOTE 1: The sensitivity is the minimum received power level at which specific requirement is met.

NOTE 2: Isotropic directivity is equal in all directions (i.e. 0 dBi).

feeder link: Wireless link between satellite-Gateway and satellite.

Geostationary Earth Orbit: Circular orbit at 35,786 km above the Earth’s equator and following the direction of the Earth’s rotation. An object in such an orbit has an orbital period equal to the Earth’s rotational period and thus appears motionless, at a fixed position in the sky, to ground observers.

Low Earth Orbit: Orbit around the Earth with an altitude between 300 km, and 1500 km.

Highest Carrier: The carrier with the highest carrier frequency transmitted/received in a specified frequency band.

Lowest Carrier: The carrier with the lowest carrier frequency transmitted/received in a specified frequency band.

maximum carrier output power: mean power level measured per carrier at the indicated interface, during the transmitter ON period in a specified reference condition.

maximum carrier TRP output power: mean power level measured per RIB during the transmitter ON period for a specific carrier in a specified reference condition and corresponding to the declared rated carrier TRP output power (P_rated,c,TRP).

maximum total output power: mean power level measured within the operating band at the indicated interface, during the transmitter ON period in a specified reference condition.

maximum total TRP output power: mean power level measured per RIB during the transmitter ON period in a specified reference condition and corresponding to the declared rated total TRP output power (P_rated,t,TRP).

measurement bandwidth: RF bandwidth in which an emission level is specified.

minSENS: the lowest declared EIS value for the OSDD’s declared for OTA sensitivity requirement.

minSENS RoAoA: The reference RoAoA associated with the OSDD with the lowest declared EIS.

minimum elevation angle: Minimum angle under which the satellite can be seen by a UE.

non-terrestrial networks: Networks, or segments of networks, using an airborne or space-borne vehicle to embark a transmission equipment relay node or SAN.

satellite-gateway: An earth station or gateway is located at the surface of Earth, and providing sufficient RF power and RF sensitivity for accessing to the satellite.

operating band: frequency range in which E-UTRA operates (paired or unpaired), that is defined with a specific set of technical requirements.

NOTE: The operating band(s) for a SAN is declared by the manufacturer according to the designations in tables 5.2-1 and 5.2-2.

OTA coverage range: a common range of directions within which TX OTA requirements that are neither specified in the OTA peak directions sets nor as TRP requirement are intended to be met.

OTA peak directions set: set(s) of beam peak directions within which certain TX OTA requirements are intended to be met, where all OTA peak directions set(s) are subsets of the OTA coverage range.

NOTE: The beam peak directions are related to a corresponding contiguous range or discrete list of beam centre directions by the beam direction pairs included in the set.

OTA REFSENS RoAoA: the RoAoA determined by the contour defined by the points at which the achieved EIS is 3dB higher than the achieved EIS in the reference direction assuming that for any AoA, the receiver gain is optimized for that AoA.

NOTE: This contour will be related to the average element/sub-array radiation pattern 3dB beamwidth.

OTA sensitivity directions declaration: set of manufacturer declarations comprising at least one set of declared minimum EIS values (with SAN channel bandwidth), and related directions over which the EIS applies.

NOTE: All the directions apply to all the EIS values in an OSDD.

polarization match: condition that exists when a plane wave, incident upon an antenna from a given direction, has a polarization that is the same as the receiving polarization of the antenna in that direction.

radiated interface boundary: operating band specific radiated requirements reference where the radiated requirements apply.

NOTE: For requirements based on EIRP/EIS, the radiated interface boundary is associated to the far-field region.

Radio Bandwidth: frequency difference between the upper edge of the highest used carrier and the lower edge of the lowest used carrier.

rated beam EIRP: For a declared beam and beam direction pair, the rated beam EIRP level is the maximum power that the SAN is declared to radiate at the associated beam peak direction during the transmitter ON period.

rated carrier output power: mean power level associated with a particular carrier the manufacturer has declared to be available at the indicated interface, during the transmitter ON period in a specified reference condition.

rated carrier TRP output power: mean power level declared by the manufacturer per carrier, for SAN operating in single carrier, multi-carrier, or carrier aggregation configurations that the manufacturer has declared to be available at the RIB during the transmitter ON period.

rated total output power: mean power level associated with a particular operating band the manufacturer has declared to be available at the indicated interface, during the transmitter ON period in a specified reference condition.

rated total TRP output power: mean power level declared by the manufacturer, that the manufacturer has declared to be available at the RIB during the transmitter ON period.

reference beam direction pair: declared beam direction pair, including reference beam centre direction and reference beam peak direction where the reference beam peak direction is the direction for the intended maximum EIRP within the OTA peak directions set.

receiver target: AoA in which reception is performed by SAN types 1-H or SAN type 1-O.

receiver target redirection range: union of all the sensitivity RoAoA achievable through redirecting the receiver target related to particular OSDD.

receiver target reference direction: direction inside the OTA sensitivity directions declaration declared by the manufacturer for conformance testing. For an OSDD without receiver target redirection range, this is a direction inside the sensitivity RoAoA.

reference RoAoA: the sensitivity RoAoA associated with the receiver target reference direction for each OSDD.

requirement set: one of the E-UTRA SAN requirement’s set as defined for SAN type 1-H, SAN type 1-O.

SAN type 1-H: Satellite Access Node operating at FR1 with a requirement set consisting of conducted requirements defined at individual TAB connectors and OTA requirements defined at RIB.

SAN type 1-O: Satellite Access Node operating at FR1 with a requirement set consisting only of OTA requirements defined at the RIB.

satellite: A space-borne vehicle embarking a bent pipe payload or a regenerative payload telecommunication transmitter, placed into Low-Earth Orbit (LEO) or Geostationary Earth Orbit (GEO).

sensitivity RoAoA: RoAoA within the OTA sensitivity directions declaration, within which the declared EIS(s) of an OSDD is intended to be achieved at any instance of time for a specific SAN direction setting.

TAB connector: transceiver array boundary connector.

total radiated power: is the total power radiated by the antenna.

NOTE: The total radiated power is the power radiating in all direction for two orthogonal polarizations. Total radiated power is defined in both the near-field region and the far-field region.

transceiver array boundary: conducted interface between the transceiver unit array and the composite antenna.

transmission bandwidth: RF Bandwidth of an instantaneous transmission from a satellite UE or SAN, measured in resource block units.

3.2 Symbols

For the purposes of the present document, the following symbols apply:

 Percentage of the mean transmitted power emitted outside the occupied bandwidth on the assigned channel.

BeW_θ,REFSENS Beamwidth equivalent to the OTA REFSENS RoAoA in the θ-axis in degrees. Applicable for FR1 only.

BeW_φ,REFSENS Beamwidth equivalent to the OTA REFSENS RoAoA in the φ-axis in degrees. Applicable for FR1 only.

SAN_Channel SAN channel bandwidth.

BW_Config Transmission bandwidth configuration, where BW_Config = E-UTRA_B x SCS x 12.

BW_Contiguous Contiguous transmission bandwidth, i.e. SAN channel bandwidth for single carrier.

Δf Separation between the channel edge frequency and the nominal -3 dB point of the measuring filter closest to the carrier frequency.

Δf_max f_offset_max minus half of the bandwidth of the measuring filter.

Δf_OBUE Maximum offset of the operating band unwanted emissions mask from the downlink operating band edge.

Δf_OOBMaximum offset of the out-of-band boundary from the uplink operating band edge.

Δ_minSENS Difference between conducted reference sensitivity and minSENS.

Δ_OTAREFSENS Difference between conducted reference sensitivity and OTA REFSENS.

EIS_minSENSThe EIS declared for the minSENS RoAoA.

EIS_REFSENSOTA REFSENS EIS value.

F_CRF reference frequency on the channel raster, given in table 5.4.

F_C,low The Fc of the lowest carrier, expressed in MHz.

F_C,high The Fc of the highest carrier, expressed in MHz.

F_DL,lowThe lowest frequency of the downlink operating band.

F_DL,highThe highest frequency of the downlink operating band.

F_filter Filter centre frequency.

F_offset,high Frequency offset from F_C,high to the upper SAN RF Bandwidth edge.

F_offset,low Frequency offset from F_C,low to the lower SAN RF Bandwidth edge.

f_offset Separation between the channel edge frequency and the centre of the measuring.

f_offset_maxThe offset to the frequency Δf_OBUE outside the downlink operating band.

F_UL,lowThe lowest frequency of the uplink operating band.

F_UL,highThe highest frequency of the uplink operating band.

GB_ChannelMinimum guard band defined in clause 5.3.

Physical resource block number.

M_DL Offset of NB-IoT Downlink channel number to Downlink EARFCN

M_UL Offset of NB-IoT Uplink channel number to Uplink EARFCN

N_DL Downlink EARFCN

N_Offs-DL Offset used for calculating downlink EARFCN

N_Offs-UL Offset used for calculating uplink EARFCN

N_RB Transmission bandwidth configuration, expressed in resource blocks.

N_UL Uplink EARFCN

P_EIRP,N EIRP level for channel N.

P_max,c,ACMaximum carrier output power measured per antenna connector.

P_max,c,TABCThe maximum carrier output power per TAB connector.

P_max,c_,_TRPMaximum carrier TRP output power measured at the RIB(s), and corresponding to the declared rated carrier TRP output power (P_rated,c,TRP).

P_max,c,EIRP The maximum carrier EIRP when the SAN is configured at the maximum rated carrier output TRP (P_rated,c,TRP).

P_rated,c,sys P_{rated,c,sys,GEO} for SAN GEO class or P_{rated,c,sys,LEO} for SAN LEO class.

P_rated,c,TRP Rated carrier TRP output power declared per RIB

P_{rated,c,sys,GEO} The sum of P_rated,c,TABC for all TAB connectors for a single carrier of the SAN GEO class.

P_{rated,c,sys,LEO} The sum of P_rated,c,TABC for all TAB connectors for a single carrier of the SAN LEO class.

P_rated,c,TABC P_{rated,c,TABC,GEO} for SAN GEO class or P_{rated,c,TABC,LEO} for SAN LEO class.

P_{rated,c,TABC,GEO} The rated carrier output power per TAB connector of the SAN GEO class.

P_{rated,c,TABC,LEO} The rated carrier output power per TAB connector of the SAN LEO class.

P_rated,c,TRP Rated carrier TRP output power declared per RIB.

P_rated,t,TRP Rated total TRP output power declared per RIB.

P_REFSENS Conducted Reference Sensitivity power level.

3.3 Abbreviations

For the purposes of the present document, the abbreviations given in 3GPP TR 21.905 [1] and the following apply. An abbreviation defined in the present document takes precedence over the definition of the same abbreviation, if any, in 3GPP TR 21.905 [1].

AA Antenna Array

AAS Active Antenna System

ACLR Adjacent Channel Leakage Ratio

ACS Adjacent Channel Selectivity

AoA Angle of Arrival

AWGN Additive White Gaussian Noise

BW Bandwidth

CA Carrier Aggregation

CP-OFDM Cyclic Prefix-OFDM

CW Continuous Wave

DFT-s-OFDM Discrete Fourier Transform-spread-OFDM

EARFCN E-UTRA Absolute Radio Frequency Channel Number

EIRP Equivalent Isotropic Radiated Power

EIS Equivalent Isotropic Sensitivity

EVM Error Vector Magnitude

E-UTRA Evolved UTRA

FR Frequency Range

FRC Fixed Reference Channel

GEO Geostationary Earth Orbiting

ICS In-Channel Selectivity

LEO Low Earth Orbiting

MCS Modulation and Coding Scheme

NB-IoT Narrowband – Internet of Things

NTN Non-Terrestrial Network

OBUE Operating Band Unwanted Emissions

OOB Out-of-band

OSDD OTA Sensitivity Directions Declaration

OTA Over-The-Air

PRB Physical Resource Block

QAM Quadrature Amplitude Modulation

RB Resource Block

RDN Radio Distribution Network

RE Resource Element

REFSENS Reference Sensitivity

RF Radio Frequency

RIB Radiated Interface Boundary

RMS Root Mean Square (value)

RoAoA Range of Angles of Arrival

RX Receiver

SAN Satellite Access Node

SCS Sub-Carrier Spacing

TAB Transceiver Array Boundary

TRP Total Radiated Power

TX Transmitter