C.2 Multi-path case

25.1723GPPRelease 17Requirements for support of Assisted Galileo and Additional Navigation Satellite Systems (A-GANSS) Frequency Division Duplex (FDD)TS

Doppler frequency difference between direct and reflected signal paths is applied to the carrier and code frequencies. The Carrier and Code Doppler frequencies of LOS and multi-path for GANSS signals are defined in table C.2-1.

Table C.2-1: Multipath case

Initial Relative Delay [m]	Carrier Doppler frequency of tap [Hz]	Code Doppler frequency of tap [Hz]	Relative mean Power [dB]
0	Fd	Fd / N	0
X	Fd-0.1	(Fd-0.1) /N	Y
Note: Discrete Doppler frequency is used for each tap.

Where the X and Y depends on the GNSS signal type and is shown in table C.2-2, and N is the ratio between the transmitted carrier frequency of the signals and the transmitted chip rate as shown in table C.2-3 (where k in table C.2-3 is the GLONASS frequency channel number).

Table C.2-2: Relative Delay and Attenuation of Non Line of Sight Signals

System	Signals	X [m]	Y [dB]
Galileo	E1	125	-4.5
	E5a	15	-6
	E5b	15	-6
GPS/Modernized GPS	L1 C/A	150	-6
	L1C	125	-4.5
	L2C	150	-6
	L5	15	-6
GLONASS	G1	275	-12.5
	G2	275	-12.5
BDS	B1I	75	-4.5

Table C.2-3: Ratio between the transmitted carrier frequency of the signals and the transmitted chip rate

System	Signals	N
Galileo	E1	1540
	E5a	115
	E5b	118
GPS/Modernized GPS	L1 C/A	1540
	L1C	1540
	L2C	1200
	L5	115
GLONASS	G1	3135.03 + k  1.10
	G2	2438.36 + k  0.86
BDS	B1I	763

The initial carrier phase difference between taps shall be randomly selected between 0 and 2. The initial value shall have uniform random distribution.

Annex D (normative):
Measurement sequence chart